BIOCHEM-LAB FINALS

0.0(0)
learnLearn
examPractice Test
spaced repetitionSpaced Repetition
heart puzzleMatch
flashcardsFlashcards
Card Sorting

1/31

flashcard set

Earn XP

Description and Tags

Biochemistry-Finals

Study Analytics
Name
Mastery
Learn
Test
Matching
Spaced

No study sessions yet.

32 Terms

1
New cards

Assimilable

Food materials that can be transported through intestinal mucosa and absorbed into the portal venous system.

2
New cards

Hydrolytic enzymes

Enzymes involved in digestion that catalyze hydrolysis of proteins to amino acids, starches to monosaccharides, and fats to acyl glycerol.

3
New cards

Salivary amylase

A digestive enzyme in saliva that hydrolyzes starch into maltose.

4
New cards

Mucin

A glycoprotein in saliva that binds and lubricates food particles.

5
New cards

Achromatic point

The stage in starch digestion when no more color change occurs with iodine, indicating complete breakdown of starch.

6
New cards

Biuret test

A qualitative test for proteins that produces a violet solution in the presence of peptide bonds.

7
New cards

Fehling's Test

A test for reducing sugars that gives a blue solution with a brick-red precipitate if sugars are present.

8
New cards

Urochrome

The pigment responsible for the yellow color of normal urine.

9
New cards

Glycosuria

The presence of glucose in urine, often indicative of diabetes mellitus.

10
New cards

Bence-Jones protein

Monoclonal globulin found in urine, associated with multiple myeloma and other blood disorders.

11
New cards

Trypsin

An enzyme in the small intestine that hydrolyzes peptide linkages involving Arginine and Lysine.

12
New cards

Optimum pH

The pH range in which enzymes, such as salivary amylase and trypsin, function best.

13
New cards

Specific gravity

A measure of concentration of solutes in urine, typically ranging from 1.015 to 1.025.

14
New cards

Indican

A compound resulting from the putrefactive decomposition of tryptophan in the intestine, tested by Obermeyer’s test.

15
New cards

Renal failure

A condition where kidneys fail to adequately filter waste products from the blood.

16
New cards

Lipase

An enzyme that hydrolyzes fats, with an optimal temperature of 37°C.

17
New cards

Bile salts

Emulsifying agents that increase the surface area of lipids, improving their digestion.

18
New cards

Phenylhydrazine reaction

A reaction that yields osazone crystals when monosaccharides are present.

19
New cards

Urinalysis

The examination of urine to assess its physical, chemical, and microscopic properties.

20
New cards

Proteinuria

The presence of excess proteins in urine, indicating potential kidney damage or nephritis.

21
New cards

Calcium test

A qualitative test to detect calcium in urine, indicated by a white precipitate.

22
New cards

Thiocyanate test

A test for thiocyanate in saliva that yields a pale yellow solution with a red precipitate in the presence of iron (FeCl3).

23
New cards

Amylase

An enzyme that catalyzes the breakdown of starch into sugars, primarily found in saliva and pancreatic fluid.

24
New cards

Cholecystokinin (CCK)

A hormone released by the small intestine responsible for stimulating bile and pancreatic enzyme secretion.

25
New cards

Pepsin

A gastric enzyme that digests proteins into peptides in the acidic environment of the stomach.

26
New cards

Lactase

An enzyme that breaks down lactose into glucose and galactose, crucial for lactose digestion.

27
New cards

Absorption

The process by which nutrients from digested food are taken into the bloodstream through the intestinal walls.

28
New cards

Peristalsis

The coordinated, wave-like muscle contractions that move food through the digestive tract.

29
New cards

Gastrin

A hormone that stimulates gastric acid secretion in the stomach, aiding in digestion.

30
New cards

Cholecystitis

Inflammation of the gallbladder, often due to gallstones, affecting digestion.

31
New cards

Enteropeptidase

An enzyme that activates trypsinogen to trypsin, playing a vital role in protein digestion.

32
New cards

Secretin

A hormone produced in the small intestine that stimulates the pancreas to release bicarbonate, neutralizing stomach acid.