words to know chapter 3.5

portage learning medical terminology section 3.5

Agonist

The muscle that is the primary mover of a given movement.

Amputation

Surgical or traumatic removal of a limb, part, or other appendage.

Antagonist

Muscle that counteracts the action of another muscle.

Arthralgia

Joint pain.

Ataxia

Lack of muscular coordination.

Atonic

Lack of normal muscle tone.

Atrophy

Wasting away of muscular tissue that may be caused by lack of use or lack of nerve stimulation of the muscle.

Brachyalgia

Pain in the arm.

Bradykinesia

Slowness of motion or movement.

Bursa

Pad-like sac between muscles, tendons, and bones that is lined with synovial fluid and contains a fluid.

Calcaneal

Pertaining to the heel bone.

Carpal

Pertaining to the wrist bones.

Cast

Medical equipment that is hard and used to immobilize a fractured bone, dislocated joint, or sprain.

Chondral

Pertaining to cartilage.

Clavicular

Pertaining to the clavicle or collar bone.

Coccygeal

Pertaining to the coccyx or tailbone.

Contracture

Shortening of the muscle that is then resistant to stretching.

Dactylogram

A fingerprint.

Dislocation

Separation of the bone from the joint.

Dystonia

Impaired muscle tone.

Fixation

Process of holding or securing in a fixed position.

Flaccid

Lacking muscle tone.

Hallux

The great toe.

Humeral

Pertaining to the humerus.

Iliac

Pertaining to the ilium.

Iliosacral

Pertaining to the ilium and the sacrum.

Intercostal

Pertaining to the space between two ribs.

Ischial

Pertaining to the ischium.

Lumbar

Pertaining to the lower back.

Mandibular

Pertaining to the lower jaw.

Maxillary

Pertaining to the upper jawbone.

Meniscus

Crescent-shaped cartilage that is located in certain joints, such as the knee.

Myalgia

Pain in the muscle.

Orthopedics

Area of medicine that involves the study of the musculoskeletal system, its structure, function, and pathology.

Osteogenesis

Formation of bone.

Pedal

Pertaining to the foot.

Radial

Pertaining to the radius.

Spinal

Pertaining to the spine.

Symphysis

A firm joint, made of cartilage.

Synergist

The muscle that acts alongside another muscle to produce movement.

Tibial

Pertaining to the tibia.

Ulnar

Pertaining to the ulna.

Xiphoid

The xiphoid process is the lowest portion of the sternum, it is cartilage that is shaped like a sword.