ELECTIVE

Statistic

A branch of mathematics that deals with the scientific collection, organization, presentation, analysis, and interpretation of data.

Types of Data

Categories of data processes including collection, organization, analysis, and interpretation.

Collection of Data

The process of obtaining information.

Organization of Data

Presenting data into tables, graphs, or charts for logical and statistical conclusions.

Analysis of Data

Extracting relevant information from data to formulate numerical descriptions.

Interpretation of Data

Drawing conclusions from analyzed data.

Descriptive Statistics

A statistical method focused on describing the properties and characteristics of a data set.

Inferential Statistics

A statistical method that analyzes sample data to make predictions and inferences.

Education

Use of statistical tools to gather information on enrollment, finance, facilities, and grading systems.

Government

Data collection to guide officials in managing state affairs.

Intelligent Policy-Making

Utilizing organized records on population movement and taxes for informed decisions.

Medicine and Physical Sciences

Evaluating causes and effects of factors affecting experiments using statistical techniques.

Psychologists

Understanding human behavior through data gathering, systematization, analysis, and interpretation.

Sociology

The use of statistics to study societal conditions for improvement.

Business and Economics

The role of statistics in financial transactions and marketing new products.

Sports

Keeping track of performance records for comparison.

Data

Any quantitative or qualitative information.

Quantitative Data

Numerical information obtained from counting or measuring, manipulable by fundamental operations.

Qualitative Data

Descriptive attributes that cannot undergo mathematical operations.

Population

The totality of all elements or persons of interest at a particular time.

Sample

A part of the population determined by sampling procedures, usually denoted by n.

Parameter

Statistical information or attribute taken from a population.

Statistic

An estimate of statistical attributes taken from a sample.

Variable

A specific factor, property, or characteristic that differentiates groups within a population or sample.

Discrete Variable

A variable obtained by counting.

Continuous Variable

A variable obtained by measuring objects or attributes.

Nominal Measurement

Depicts the presence or absence of an attribute, often using random number assignment.

Ordinal Measurement

Provides the degree of presence of an attribute, classifying data according to orders or ranks.

Interval Measurement

Arranges data in order with meaningful differences between them.

Ratio Measurement

An interval level measurement that includes an inherent zero starting point.