9 Parts of Speech

Noun

Words that name a person, place, thing, or idea.
Example: Angelyn, Caloocan, laptop, happiness

Common

(Types of Nouns)

general names (boy, city)

Proper

(Types of Nouns)

specific names (Taj Mahal, New Delhi)

Collective

(Types of Nouns)

group names (crowd, herd)

Abstract

(Types of Nouns)

feelings/qualities (honesty, bravery)

Material

(Types of Nouns)

substances/materials (gold, food)

Pronoun

A word that substitutes for a noun, showing person, gender, number, and case.
Example: he, she, it, they

Verb

Words that show action or state of being.

Action

(Types of Verbs)

run, eat

Linking

(Types of Verbs)

am, is, seem

Auxiliary (Helping)

(Types of Verbs)

do, have, be

Modal

(Types of Verbs)

can, may, must

Phrasal

(Types of Verbs)

take off, look up

Present Simple

(Verb Tenses)

She walks to school every day.

Past Simple

(Verb Tenses)

She walked to school yesterday.

Future Simple

(Verb Tenses)

She will walk to school tomorrow.

Adjective

Words that describe nouns.

Possessive

(Types of Adjectives)

my, your, his

Demonstrative

(Types of Adjectives)

this, that, these, those

Interrogative

(Types of Adjectives)

which, whose, what

Compound

(Types of Adjectives)

curly-haired, happy-go-lucky

Adverb

Describes how, when, where, or to what extent something happens.
Examples:

• Verb: She runs quickly.

• Adjective: The lake is incredibly beautiful.

• Adverb: She sings very beautifully.

Preposition

Words showing relationships between words, often about time/place.
Example: at noon, in the park

Conjunction

Words that connect words, phrases, or clauses.
Examples: and, but, or, because

Interjection

Words or phrases that express strong emotion or reaction.
Examples: ah, ouch, whoops

Article/Determiner

Words that specify and identify nouns.

• Definite Article: the

• Indefinite Articles: a, an

Conditionals (If-Clauses)

• Zero: If you stand in the rain, you get wet.

• First: If it rains, we will cancel our trip.

• Second: If I won the lottery, I would travel a lot.

• Third: If you had studied, you would have passed.