Measurements and pH Scale

These flashcards cover key vocabulary related to measurements, pH scale, and related concepts in chemistry.

SI Units

International System of Units, the standard system of measurement used in science.

pH

Logarithmic scale used to determine the acidity or basicity of a solution.

Buffer

A solution that minimizes changes in pH when acids or bases are added.

Acid

A substance that increases the H+ concentration in a solution, lowering the pH.

Base

A substance that reduces the H+ concentration in a solution, raising the pH.

Hydrogen Ion (H+)

A positively charged ion formed when an acid dissociates in solution.

Hydroxide Ion (OH-)

A negatively charged ion formed when a base dissociates in solution.

Ionization of Water

The process where water molecules dissociate into H+ and OH- ions.

Logarithmic Scale

A scale based on logarithms, indicating that each unit change represents a tenfold change in concentration.

Carbonic Acid-Bicarbonate Buffer System

A buffer system that helps maintain blood pH by adjusting levels of carbonic acid and bicarbonate.

pH Scale Range

The scale ranges from 0 to 14, with values less than 7 indicating acidity and greater than 7 indicating basicity.

Hydrochloric Acid (HCl)

A strong acid commonly found in gastric fluid.

Weak Acid

An acid that partially dissociates in solution.

Strong Acid

An acid that completely dissociates in solution.

pH Meter

A device used to accurately measure the pH of a solution.

pH Test Strips

A simple method for measuring pH by matching color changes on a strip.