Judaism/ Monotheistic religions

Monotheism

The belief of only one god

Polytheism

The belief of multiple gods

Abraham

The founder of Judaism, he was told by God to leave his home and abandon his polytheistic beliefs.

Exile in Egypt

A famine drove Israelites to Egypt where they were held captive by a Pharoh. One person held captive was Moses.

Moses

One of the enslaved Israelites held captive. God spoke to him, telling Moses to lead his people out of Egypt. When he tried the Pharaoh said no, so god sent down the Ten Plagues down to Egypt.

Exodus

A term used to explain when the Israelite’s were released from their exile in Egypt

Mt. Sinai

Where Israelite’s went after their Exodus from Egypt. This is where God gave Moses the Ten Commandments

The Ten Commandments

The moral code in which all Jews must live by

The Torah

The book of Judaism which holds all of it’s knowledge and teachings. It’s a collection of books and is made up of two parts; one part containing the first half of the Christian Bible.

The Diaspora

After the Jews settled in Jerusalem, their holy city, the Babylonians conquered the area. Then after their second temple was destroyed, the Jews began to scatter outside of Israel. They fled to Spain, Greece, and other parts of Europe.

Jesus

The founder of Christianity, was named the sun of God after he and his family were visited by angels

Messiah

A leader who will save a particular group. Many believe Jesus is the Messiah of Christianity.

Diciples

The followers of Jesus/Christianity

12 Apostles

The people who were chosen by Jesus to teach and spread Christanity to the rest of the world.

The Bible

All the teachings of Christianity, Including the Gospels or direct words of Jesus. Also the new teachings of his followers called the New Testament.

Muhammad

The founder of Islam. God chose him to be his Prophet

The Quran

The holy book for Islam. Outlines diet restrictions and provides guidelines for relationships.

Five Pillars of Islam

1. There is no God but Allah

2. Muslims must pray 5 times a day, facing Mecca

3. Parts of household incomes must go to charity once a year

4. Fasting during the month of Ramadan

5. Once a lifetime, complete a Hajj

Hegira

The flight Muhammad and his followers made when they were forced out of Mecca. They went to Medina

The Kaaba

A large cube built in the center of Mecca. Very sacred to Muslims

Jerusalem

The holy city for Judaism. Considered the holy city for all Monotheistic religions

Mecca

The holy city for Muslims. In the Arabian Peninsula

Rome

Holy city for Christianity