APHG AP EXAM REVIEW

Cartography

Different ways of projecting maps using distortion in order to properly represent Earth on a flat surface.

Cultural Landscape

Areas that have been affected by human culture or modified by humans.

Natural Landscape

An area without human impact and no modification by humans.

Geographic Scale

The geographical analysis of an area.

Diffusion

Movement of people, ideas, and technologies spread from one location to another.

Absolute Distance

Distance measured in terms of fact, miles, meters

Relative Distance

Degrees of measures based on time or money as means of travel.

Distribution

Dots around countries in different colors, used to paint a big picture in a simplified way.

Clustered

Unevenly distributed geographic data points meshed together.

Linear

Straight line of geographic data points.

Dispersed

Spaced out geographic data points.

Circular

Circular data points around lakes (villages).

Connectivity

The connections between people and objects in the barrier of space.

Sustainability

The respectable use of natural resources in ways that won´t harm present and future generations.

Accessibility

Patterns and processes that mold human interaction alongside modified environments.

Place

An area on earth with human definition to it. Precise spot where something is located: latitude and longitude.

Spatial interaction

Written accounts in the form of field abstentions, media reports, census reports, policy documents, personal interviews, landscape analysis, and photogenic interpretation.

Flow

The movement of people, culture, and resources.

Friction of distance

Movement requires cost, physical effort, and resources which are essential for the distance travelled.

Distance decay

The farther the distance is from two locations the less the interaction is between the two.

Patterns

Distributions of arrangements in how they are spaced.

Spatial Association

Relations between variables over space.

Natural resource

Earth made resources that are used to support life on Earth.

Environmental determinism

The promotion of human growth, development, and activities are all maintained by the physical environment.

Possibilism

Humans dominate nature in which they modify themselves to.

Cultural Ecology

Relationship between the environment and culture in which humans adapt to various environments.

Aggregation

A large amount of people, animals, and things.

Formal Regions

An area where people share different characteristics.

Functional regions

An area organized around a node.

Vernacular region

An area in which people believe that they exist due to their cultural identity.

Sub regions

A part of a larger geographical region of a continent.