Unit 5 AP Euro Mrs. Minasyan

French Revolution

A significant upheaval from 1789 to 1799 that replaced the old regime and influenced future revolutions.

Three Estates

The social hierarchy in pre-revolutionary France: 1st Estate (clergy), 2nd Estate (nobility), and 3rd Estate (commoners, constituting 95% of the population).

Bourgeoisie

The wealthy middle class who played a pivotal role in the French Revolution, seeking political and social power.

Tennis Court Oath

A vow made by the members of the Third Estate on June 20, 1789, to not disband until a new constitution for France was established.

Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen

A fundamental document of the French Revolution, adopted on August 26, 1789, asserting individual freedoms and equality under the law.

Reign of Terror

A period during the French Revolution (1793-1794) characterized by political purges and mass executions, led by the Committee of Public Safety.

Napoleonic Code

The legal code established by Napoleon in 1804, which guaranteed civil rights and secular authority, and abolished feudal privileges.

Committee of Public Safety

An emergency government during the French Revolution led by Robespierre, responsible for the Reign of Terror.

Continental System

Napoleon's strategy to weaken Britain by closing European ports to British trade.

Concordat of 1801

An agreement between Napoleon and the Pope that reestablished the Catholic Church in France but granted the state control over church appointments.

Girondins

A moderate faction within the National Convention during the French Revolution, opposing the radical Jacobins.

Jacobins

A radical political faction in the French Revolution, known for their association with the Reign of Terror.

Storming of the Bastille

The key event on July 14, 1789, where revolutionaries stormed the prison-fortress in Paris, signaling the start of the French Revolution.

Estates General

A legislative assembly in pre-revolutionary France representing the three estates, which convened in May 1789.

The Great Fear

A wave of peasant riots and violence against the nobility and manorial rights in the summer of 1789.

Olympe de Gouges

A feminist writer who authored 'The Rights of Woman', advocating for women's rights during the French Revolution.

Napoleon Bonaparte

French military leader who rose to prominence during the Revolution and became Emperor of the French from 1804 to 1814.

Legislative Assembly

The governing body of France from 1791 to 1792 that witnessed the rise of political factions.

Battle of Trafalgar

A naval battle in 1805 where the British fleet, led by Admiral Nelson, defeated the combined French and Spanish fleets.

Thermidorian Reaction

The backlash against the radicalism of the Reign of Terror, leading to the arrest and execution of Robespierre in July 1794.