Chapter 8 - st 2

Prosocial Behavior

Actions that benefit individuals or society, such as caring, giving, volunteering, and donating.

Social Responsibility Norm

The societal expectation that we should help those in need.

Genetics in Helping Behavior

Helping is adaptive for perpetuating the helper’s gene pool.

Egoism

Helping others for personal rewards, including mood improvement, material gain, or social status.

Altruism

A selfless desire to benefit others without expecting anything in return.

Kin Selection

The evolutionary strategy that favors reproductive success of an organism's relatives.

Reciprocity

The practice of engaging in mutual exchanges, where favors are expected to be repaid.

Mood Management Hypothesis

The idea that people help others to manage their own moods, particularly to alleviate sadness.

Bystander Apathy

The phenomenon where individuals do not offer help in emergencies due to the presence of others.

Empathy-Altruism Hypothesis

The theory that empathic concern can motivate altruistic behavior.

Altruistic Personality

Personal traits that are associated with helping behaviors, especially in risky situations.

Social Learning

Acquiring new behaviors by observing and modeling the actions of others.

Prosociality

The tendency to act in ways that benefit others.

Individualism-Collectivism

Cultural dimensions that affect helping behavior, with collectivists generally helping more.

Just-World Hypothesis

The belief that the world is fair and people get what they deserve.