AP CSP Unit 4 Vocab

pixel

Short for "picture element" it is the fundamental unit of a digital image, typically a tiny square or dot which contains a single point of color of a larger image.

RGB

the RGB color model uses varying intensities of (R)ed, (G)reen, and (B)lue light are added together in to reproduce a broad array of colors.

CMYK

A color system or model used for printing, that creates colors by blending different levels of cyan, magenta, yellow, and black.

hexadecimal

A base-16 number system that uses sixteen distinct symbols 0-9 and A-F to represent numbers from 0 to 15.

raster format image

An image represented by a grid of pixels - also known as bitmap. Can be scaled down with no quality loss, but when scaling up, can become fuzzy or pixelated.

raw format image

An original image from a digital camera that is neither processed nor compressed and is a larger file format.

jpeg format image

A processed and compressed image that is more accessible and generally has a smaller file format.

file formats

JPG, PSD, GIF, TIFF, PDF etc.

encoding

the processing of information into the memory system—for example, by extracting meaning.

Run Length Encoding

A compression algorithm that represents an image in terms of the length of runs of identical pixels

frequency

the number of complete wavelengths that pass a point in a given time

encoding scheme

set of rules that govern how a computer translates characters, numbers, and symbols into data the computer can actually work with

amplitude

Height of a wave

sampling

you take the sound every (SAMPLING RATE) and then build the digital wave

sampling rate

The rate at which an analog input is sampled in order to convert it to a digital stream of 1's and 0's.

bitmap

A geometric arrangement of different color dots on a rectangular grid computer

autotune

Digitally transforming out-of-tune bits of an audio file to improve the pitch and sound quality.

compression algorithm

A mathematical compression technique implemented as a program for translating data inputs into equivalent but smaller data outputs.

lossless data compression

reduces the file size without any loss of data quality

lossy compression

data compression techniques in which some amount of data is lost. This technique attempts to eliminate redundant information.