Chapter 2: The Chemistry of Life  

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25 Terms

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macromolecule lipid
The ________, which comprises fats, oils, and waxes, is mostly composed of carbon and hydrogen atoms.
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Cellular chemical processes
________ are accelerated by enzymes.
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Lipids
________ are components of membranes and waterproof coatings and are utilized to store energy.
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buffer
A(n) ________ is a substance that prevents abrupt, drastic pH fluctuations.
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ionic compounds
Water may dissolve ________ and other polar molecules because it is polar.
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Ionic
________ and covalent bonds are the two basic types of chemical bonds.
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negative charge
An electron is a particle that has a(n) ________ and is found in the region around the nucleus.
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cohesion
In ________, molecules of the same substance are drawn to one another.
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numerous variations
An isotope is one of ________ of a single element, each of which has a unique ratio of neutrons to protons.
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nucleic acid
A macromolecule called ________ contains the elements hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon, and phosphorus.
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primary source of energy
It serves as the body's ________.
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pure material
A(n) ________ called an element contains only one kind of atom.
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Certain proteins
________ regulate the functioning of cells and the speed of reactions.
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Compounds
________ are substances created through the chemical fusion of two or more elements in predetermined ratios.
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amino acid
A(n) ________ is a substance that has a carboxyl group on one end and an amino group on the other.
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energy
The ________ required to initiate a reaction is known as activation ________.
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hydrogen ions
A substance known as an acid releases ________ (H+) into a solution when it has a pH lower than 7.
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mixture of water
A(n) ________ and non- dissolved substance is called a suspension.
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equal distribution of protons
Due to a(n) ________ and electrons, it is an atom like all others and has no charge.
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force of attraction
The ________ between various types of molecules is known as adhesion.
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protein catalyst
A(n) ________ known as an enzyme quickens some biological reactions.
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hydroxide ions
A base is a substance that causes solutions to contain ________ (OH);- these solutions must have a pH of at least 7.
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constituent constituents of an atom
The ________ are protons, neutrons, and electrons.
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catalyst
A(n) ________ is something that quickens a chemical reaction.
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ionic bond
One or more electrons are transported from one atom to another to create a(n) ________, which is a type of chemical connection.