Werk like a dog (Woof Woof)

Exam 2

Czar Nicholas 2

The Last emperor

Easter Rising

armed insurrection in Dublin against British rule

The fundamentals

Reasserted the authority of the Bible

Woodrow wilson

Fourteen points

German & British rivalry

Germany embarked upon a great naval building program

British rivalry

The European balance of power was upset

European Nationalism

France wanted revenge & the return of the Alsace-Lorrraine

Conflict between Austria & Serbia kingdom

both nations despised each other

Austria aka “Austria-Hungary” (the Dual monarchy)

Often used interchangeably

German Diplomacy

After Bismarck’s departure in 1890, A German treaty with Russia was allowed to lapse

Austria-Hungary

Humiliated Serbia twice- 1908 & 1913

Archduke Franz Ferdinand

Was murdered by Gavrillo Princip

Austria received this from Germany

Blank check

Schlieffen Plan

A major offensive to defeat France quickly

Total war

the entire society is mobilized for the war effort

Financial efforts of the war

Central powers were hindered by GB’s blockade

British recruiting motto

Sign up with your pals

First Battle of Marne

The retreating Germans dug in North of the River Aisne, setting the pattern for trench warfare

Lusitania Sunk

Ocean liner departed from pier 54 in NY

Battle of Somme River

the bloodiest day in British history

Unrestricted submarine warfare

The U-boat policy if USW proves to be the key point for US intervention

Zimmerman Note

proposes that Mexico should all with Germany

Bolshevik Revolution

Vladmir lenin & communists take over Russia

Wilson enunciates US war aims in his 14-point address

self determination

Russia

Communists Russia signs it’s own peace treaty with Germany

1 Specific Goal

League of Nations

Kaisersclacht

General Ludendorff prepared for a decisive offensive before enough US forces could land

Final Allied Offensive

Ludendorff told Kaiser that peace negotiations should be opened before the situation got worse

Meuse Argonne

1.2 million US troop engaged

Armistice signed

11th hour of the 11th day of the 11th month

The stab in the back legend

traitors among the politicians sold out the frontline troops

Wilson’s tumultuous reception

Wilson failed to include even one republican senator in his delegation

Paris peace talks

the victorious powers met at the palace of Versailles

Treaty of Versailles Presented to Germany

Until Germany accepted the treaty, a blockade continued

The treaty of Berlin

war is formally concluded with Germany

Armenian Genocide

Turkish govt. ordered the deportation of 1.8 million Armenians to Syria

Kremlin

citadel in Moscow, center of administration of the Russian govt.

Long March

6,000 mi trek of Chinese communists

Mandate

for of international trusteeship devised by the League of Nations

Soviet

workers and or soldiers council

Vatican City

an independent state

the Versaille settlement

The Treaty of Versailles

After WWI, four empires essentially crumbled

Russian, Austro-Hungarian, Germany, Ottoman

Versaille ramifications for Germany

Territory in the East given to Poland

Military

the Rhineland was demilitarized

DT

responsible for reparations

Spanish Flu pandemic

an epidemic over a large area- occurred in 3 waves

Result of the Spanish Flu

25 Million died

Balfour Declaration

Supporting a jewish homeland in Palestine

Mohandas Gandhi

led the salt march and opposed the British

Mao Tse-Tung

kept the Chinese communist party alive

Latin American

The effects of the Great Depression were devastating

Russia

Russia had 1/6th of the world’s land surface- an adverse climate

Duma ( parliment)

little power, Czar could dismiss it

Bolsheviks

Atheists who followed Lenin

Vladmir lenin’s friends

Leon Trotsky & Joseph Stalin

Spring of 1917

hardships during WW I led to widespread discontent

The Bolsheviks ideology

Peace, Land, Bread

November 6, 1917

Trotsky convinced the Petrograd Soviet to stage a coup

Russian Civil War

Red vs non-communists

War Communism

The state took over means of production

New Economic Policy

govt. had control of finance, industry, transportation

Soviet Union

Union of the Soviet Socialist Republics established

Joseph Stalin

The undisputed leader of the Soviet Union

Stalin’s institution

Five-Year plans

Kulaks

well to do peasants

Purges

Stalin was paranoid about threats

1939

Soviets signed non-aggression pact with Hitler

On margin

Paying a percent of a stock up front

The Market Crash

Panic selling widespread

Bull

Upward

Bearish

Downward

Main point of the GD

The Crash alone didn't cause the GD

Cause of GD

lack of industrial diversification and overexpansion of credit

Chain reaction

Manufacturers REDUCE prices

Consumer spending

engine of the US economy

FDR

Pledged a NEW DEAl

The New Deal

umbrella label for a wide range of program to offer relief & stimulate the economy

Bank holiday

All the banks close

Fireside chats

FDR would use radio

Hundred Days

FDR summons Congress into special session

Germany after WW I

Hitler had a rearmament project that largely eradicated DT unemployment by 1936

Japan with the GD

It strengthens the military

Effects of GD

The New deal failed to cure the GD

Lebensborn

Aryan- Breeding program

SS

Elitle corp of the Nazis

The final solution

The Nazi plan, under the direction of Himmler, for the elimination of Euro-Jews

Charles de Gaulle

French general during WW II

Henrich Himmler

Nazi leader responsible for the program of systemic genocide

Jospeh Goebbels

Hitler’s Minister of Propaganda

Winston Churchill

part of his contribution to victory was to maintain British morale

Totalitarianism

applied both to racist & communists governments

Fascism

an ultra-nationalistic & anti communist Ideology

Hilters Background

Austria born, Rejected by the Vienna Academy of Arts

Nazi Outlook

Germans were entitled to conquer other races

July 1921

Hitler becomes leader of NSDAP (Nazi)

Mussolini

Made Italy the first fascist State

Hitler attempts to seize power in 1923

get’s thrown in jail and write Mein Kampf

Paul Von Hindenburg

appointed Hitler as chancellor

Enabling act

permitted chancellor to enact legislation independently