Eustatic and isostatic change

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Short term sea level changes

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11 Terms

1

Short term sea level changes

  • tidal changes

  • Atmospheric air (low = rise in sea level)

  • Winds can increase wave height

Bristol Channel has the highest tidal range in the UK with 15m

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2

what is thermal expansion?

  • ocean water warms and expands

  • 1/3 of sea level rise is due to thermal expansion

  • Depth, salinity and temperature effect how much it can expand

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3

What is eustatic change?

  • a rise or fall in sea level caused by a change in the overall volume of water in oceans/seas

  • It is a global change

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4

What is eustatic fall?

  • during glacial periods water is stored on land as ice

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5

What is eustatic rise?

  • end of glacial periods water is stored on land as ice

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6

What is isostatic change?

  • gain or loss of land

  • Linked to ice ages

  • Glaciers and land ice weigh on the crust and pushes it downwards

  • As the mantle is soft and viscous it pushes mantle to other areas and causes it to uplift

  • Can also be caused by volcanoes creating new islands, increasing land level

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7

What is isostatic fall?

  • land based ice causes earth to sag, once it melts it rebounds

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8

What is isostatic rise?

  • land can sink at the coast because of the mass of deposited sediment sags the earth

  • Hawaii formed from a mantle plume that created multiple islands as the plate (Pacific) moved

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9

Examples of isostatic gain/fall earthquakes

Japanese Tsunami 2011

  • Converging plate margin caused the coastline to drop by 2 feet

  • 9.1 earthquake

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10

Which part of the Uk is emerging and where is submerging?

  • Scotland is rising (1.5mm Isle of Arran)

  • South England is sinking (Cornwall -1.1 mm)

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