Module 2

Med Terms

a-

without

an-

without

anti-

against

brady-

slow

de-

without

dys-

abnormal, difficult, painful

pachy-

thick

pseudo-

false

tachy-

fast

ante-

in front of

endo-

within, inner

epi-

above

ex-

outward

extra-

outside of

hypo-

below

in-

inward

infra-

below

inter-

between

intra-

within

para-

beside: 2 parts of a pair

peri-

around

retro-

behind

sub-

under

supra-

above

trans-

across

abdomin/o

abdomen

anter/o

front (side of body)

brachi/o

arm

caud/o

tail

cephal/o

head

cervic/o

neck

chondr/o

cartilage

crani/o

skull

cubit/o

elbow

dist/o

away from (beginning of the structure)

dors/o

back (of the body or the body part)

femor/o

femur

gastr/o

stomach

genit/o

gentials

glute/o

buttocks

ili/o

ilium (part of the pelvis)

infer/o

below

inguin/o

groin

later/o

side

lumb/o

lower back

medi/o

middle

nas/o

nose

or/o

mouth

orbit/o

eye socket

ot/o

ear

patell/o

patella (kneecap)

pelv/o

pelvis

poster/o

back (back side of body)

proxim/o

near to (beginning of the structure)

scapul/o

scapula

spin/o

spine

stern/o

sternum

super/o

above

thorac/o

chest

ventr/o

belly (front of body)

vertebr/o

vertebra (back bone)

-ac

pertaining to

-al

pertaining to

-ar

pertaining to

-iac

pertaining to

-ic

pertaining to

-ior

pertaining to

ante-

before, in front

epi-

above

hypo-

below

retro-

behind

directional terminology

when using directional terms, you assume that the patient is in the anatomical postition unless otherwise noted

deep

further below the surface

superficial

nearer the surface

prone

lie on stomach/ face down

supine

lie on back/ face up

axillary

underarm area

lower extremity

refers to the entire leg

palmar

palm of the hand

planter

sole of the feet

popliteal

crease area behind the knee

trunk

torso, excluding the head of the extremities

umbilical

the region around the navel

upper extremity

refer to the entire arm

cranial cavity

lies inside the skull and contains the brain: meninges sac protects the brain

spinal cavity

contains spinal cord: meninges sac

Thoracic Cavity

enclosed by the ribs & separated from abdominopelvic cavity by the diaphragm muscles

mediastinum

Middle or central region of the thoracic cavity- Contain heart , trachea , esophagus , aorta and thymus gland

heart is encased by

pericardial sac

pleural

sac that protects the lungs

abdominopelvic cavity

Organs of the abdominopelvic cavity are protected by a membrane covering called peritoneum

abdominal cavity

House stomach , liver gallbladder , spleen , pancreas , small intense & most of the large intestine

pelvic cavity

contains urinary bladder , ureters , uretra & large portion of large intestine in both genders

where are the kidneys located

behind the peritoneum/retroperitoneal

Frontal Plane

slices the body into anterior & Posterior

sagittal plane

Slices body into left & right portions

longitudinal plane

lengthwise slice along the long axis of a structure

hypochondriac

PT below the caritlage

hypochondriac location

upper right and left corners

epigastric

PT above the stomach