Floral Design Midterm

importance of containers

part of foundation, hold water, provide stability and unity, keepsake

grids in containers

they hold the stems in place

ribbon types

acetate satin, nylon, double-faced satin, sheer, velvet

floral knives

cut stems

floral shears

cut stems

underwater cutters

flowers are cut while submerged in water

stem strippers

remove thorns and foliage

pruners

used for cutting woody materials

pins

anchor arrangements, secure corsages, pin moss to foam

stem wrap

paraffin-coated crepe paper to cover wire

bowl tape

cloth-based adhesive to hold floral foam in container

glue guns

melt glue sticks

floral adhesives

takes a few minutes to cure, hold together materials

floral foam

hydrophilic or hydrophobic forms

water tubes and picks

hold water

armatures

vines, wire, or woody stems that support the design

ergonomics

equipment should fit body, counter should not be too short, floor should be soft-ish, tools should be appropriate size

harvesting tips

harvest in the early morning, add citric acid solution to extend flower life, pack in special boxes that protect the blooms, keep flowers hydrated and cool

commercial growers

produce plants, cut flowers, foliage,

plants grow in a greenhouse or fields,

background in plant science is needed

retail florists

sell directly to customers, usually run by entrepreneurs

general skills for careers

selling, greenhouse management, pest control, plant ID, science background, design skills, management skills

ancient civilizations

used floral design in art, to express emotion, for fashion

Egypt

used plants for food, beauty, professing love, some flowers were symbols

Greece

started using vessels, liked fragrance, gave away flowers for people's achievements

Rome

creation of formal gardens, put plants inside, decorated tables and created wreaths with plants

China

plants were tied to religion, medicine, other meanings

Middle Ages

plant cultivation, use of plants for art and medicine, exotic plants

Renaissance

Physic gardens, Silk Road, geometric design in gardens, exotic flowers

colonial period

broader use of vessels, locally grown flowers

Classical revival

orangeries, decor in elegant dining

Victorian era

fashion, gardening became a pastime, floriography, Royal Horticultural Society in London, Society of American Florists in U.S, stove houses and conservatories, tussie mussies

Art Nouveau and Art Deco

lots of flowers, mass-pattern design, lots of lines

Modern Period

Great Depression- floriculture declined, more fruit and veggies, industry growth after depression

Postmodernism

natural themes

plant families

end in -ae, plants require similar care, plants have similar characteristics and one will link them all together

major flower parts

stamen, pistil, stigma, sepal

inflorescence

development and arrangement of flowers on a stem

basic leaf parts

margin, sinus, apex, vein, petiole, stipule, limb, lobe

stem nodes

growth point, bulbous

stem internodes

between nodes, take cuttings

rhizome

horizontal, underground stem

leaf functions

photosynthesis, respiration, transpiration

root functions

support, anchor, absorb water, store food, store carbs, produce vegetative parts, propagation

types of corollas

sepals and petals, rotate, cruciform, palate, carinate, tubular, spurred

balance

physical balance of arrangement to keep it from falling over, everything fits together visually (color, shape, size)

proportion

amount of each item, plant material should be 1.5-2 times the height/length/width of container, rule of thirds

scale

size relationships, consider setting and arrangement

dominance

focal point, emphasis on one thing

contrast

difference/opposition, creates tension and energy

rhythm

sense of movement that guides the eye

unity

celebrate similarities, elements look like they belong together

harmony

elements interact in a pleasing way