5.1 - CompTIA A+ Core 1

Power-on-self-test (POST)

A diagnostic process that tests major system components (CPU, CMOS, GPU/graphics, memory, storage) before booting the operating system.

POST beeps

Audible signals that indicate potential hardware issues based on component failures.

Fixing POST beeps

Check manufacturer documentation for the different beeps/error messages, and what they are associated with.

Blue Screen of Death (BSOD)

An error screen in Windows that indicates a serious system problem, causing a shutdown or restart.

Common causes of startup/shutdown BSODs

Bad hardware, bad device drivers, bad application installation

Last Known Good Configuration

A feature to restore the system to the last working settings before an issue occurred.

macOS X Spinning Wait Cursor

An indicator that a process is incomplete, preventing user interaction with the OS.

Common causes for macOS X Spinning Wait Cursor

Application bugs, bad hardware, slow paging to storage disk

Solving macOS X Spinning Wait Cursor

Restart the computer and check for details in system logs.

VGA mode

A generic video startup mode compatible with most Windows machines for troubleshooting display issues.

Defragmentation

The process of reorganizing data on a storage medium for improved efficiency.

CMOS battery

A battery that powers the CMOS chip, which stores system date and time settings.

How to fix black screen issues

Check if both power and signal cables are connected, check for correct monitor input selection, and swap the faulty monitor to check if the issue is linked to the computer or the monitor.

Fix for dim monitor/projector images

Check the brightness/contrast controls on the monitor

Overheating

A condition where computer components exceed safe operating temperatures, potentially causing damage.

How to fix video shutoffs after Windows loads

Start Windows in VGA mode (F8 key) to check if the issue concerns a driver or a monitor.

Fixing proprietary (application) crash screens

Gather as many details about the error as possible (e.g., screenshots) and contact the application manufacturer for more information about crash screens.

Capacitor swelling

A condition where capacitors on the motherboard appear bulged and may risk exploding.

Reasons for devices having no power

No power from a outlet, or no power from the device power supply/power cord