C3A quiz

11/17 (imported from diem)

extract

to remove by force

placer mining

the mining of stream bed deposits with simple equipment (picks, shovels, pans, etc.)

quartz mining

underground mining for gold

vigilance committee

self-appointed volunteers who tracked down and punished wrongdoers

adapt

to adjust or change to suit conditions

open range

vast areas of grassland owned by the federal government

prior

before

long drive

the moving of cattle over trails to a shipping center

homestead

a tract of public land available for settlement

assimilate

to absorb

Henry Cornstock

prospector who staked a claim in six- mile canyon, Nevada; brought hoards of miners to Virgina City, Nevada

Homestead Act

1862 - provided free land in the West to anyone willing to settle there and develop it; encouraged westward migration.

Indian Peace Committee

formed by Congress in 1867; created 2 large reservations on the Plains, one for the Sioux and another for southern Plains Indians

Sitting Bull

Sioux chief who led the attack on Custer at the Battle of the Little Bighorn

Ghost Dance

a ritual the Sioux performed to celebrate a hoped-for day of reckoning

Dawes Act

established by Congress in 1887; allotted to each head of household for 160 acres of reservation land for farming

nativism

a preference for native-born people and a desire to limit immigration

induce

to cause a reaction in someone or something

commission

to give authorization to perform a specific task

tenement

a rundown multi-family apartment that barely met minimal standards

political machine

an informal political group designed to gain and keep power

graft

getting money through dishonest or questionable means

Chinese Exclusion Act

(1882) barred Chinese laborers from entering the United States and becoming citizens

William M. "Boss" Tweed

corrupt leader of Tammany Hall (New York Democratic political machine)