Eating Disorders

Eating Disorder

persistent disturbance in eating behavior

anorexia nervosa

disorder characterized by the intense fear of gaining weight, restriction of calories, disturbed body image, body weight influencing self-evaluation, and the lack of recognition of the seriousness of one’s condition

medical consequences of anorexia nervosa

amenorrhea

muscle loss and weakness

hair loss, growth of lanugo (small, fine hair on the face, arms, back and other parts of the body)

yellow skin

osteoporosis

organ failure

pneumonia

suicide

Bulimia Nervosa

disorder characterized by binge eating episodes and purging behaviors afterword

amenorrhea

absence of menstruation

Medical consequences of Bulimia Nervosa

Amenorrhea or irregularities

tooth decay

broken blood vessels in face (from vomiting)

peptic ulcers and pancreatitis

rupture of the esophagus

heart failure from electrolyte imbalances

Binge eating disorder

disorder characterized by recurrent binge-eating episodes

Medical Consequences of binge eating disorder

risk of obesity

pica

persistent eating of nonnutritive, nonfood substances

rumination disorder

repeated regurgitation of food

avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder

avoidance based on sensory characteristics of food

sociological etiologies and risk factors

cultures standards of beauty

occupation/sports

women

sexual minorities

media use

family dynamics

Psychological etiologies and risk factors

perfectionism

poor impulse control (binges)

low self-esteem

low self-efficacy

distorted/negative body image

engage in eating disorder behaviors to cope with negative emotions

Biological etiologies and risk factors

genetics

decreased serotonin and dopamine

disturbed hypothalamus - appetite control center

hormonal changes

Sociological Treatment

family therapy

Biological Treatment

hospitalization

moderate benefit of using SSRIs for Bulimia

Psychological

CBT

Education on health and dieting

Eat 5-6 small meals/day

address body image, self esteem

new coping skills