CHAPTER ONE A & P

SAGITTAL

refers to a lengthwise cut that divides the body into right and left portion

MIDSAGITTAL

if a sagittal section passes along the midline and divides the body into equal parts

PARASAGITTAL

a sagittal section lateral to the midline

TRANSVERSE

refers to a cut that divides the body into superior and inferior portions

FRONTAL (CORONAL)

refers to a section that divides the body into anterior and posterior portions

EPIGASTRIC REGION

is the upper middle portion

RIGHT AND LEFT HYPOCHONDRIAC REGIONS

are on the right and left side of the epigastric region

UMBILICAL REGION

is the central portion

RIGHT AND LEFT LATERAL (LUMBAR) REGIONS

are on the left and right side of the umbilical region

PUBIC (HYPOGASTRIC) REGION

is the lower middle portion

RIGHT AND LEFT INGUINAL (ILIAC) REGIONS

are on the right and left side of the pubic region

RUQ

right upper quadrant

RLQ

right lower quadrant

LUQ

left upper quadrant

LLQ

left lower quadrant

ABDOMINAL

region between the thorax and pelvis

ACROMIAL

point of the shoulder

ANTEBRACHIAL

forearm

ANTECUBITAL

anterior surface of the elbow

AXILLARY

armpit

BRACHIAL

arm

BUCCAL

cheek

CARPAL

wrist

CELIAC

abdomen

CEPHALIC

head

CERVICAL

neck

COSTAL

ribs

COXAL

hip

CRURAL

leg

CUBITAL

elbow

DIGITAL

finger or toe

DORSAL

back

FEMORAL

thigh

FRONTAL

forehead

GENITAL

external reproductive organs

GLUTEAL

buttocks

INGUINAL

depressed area of the abdominal wall

LUMBAR

region of the lower back between the ribs and the pelvis

MAMMARY

breast

MENTAL

chin

NASAL

nose

OCCIPITAL

inferior posterior region of the head

ORAL

mouth

ORBITAL

eye cavity

OTIC

ear

PALMAR

palm of the hand

PATELLAR

anterior part of the knee

PECTORAL

anterior chest

PEDAL

foot

PELVIC

pelvis

PERINEAL

the inferior-most region of the trunk between the thighs and the buttocks

PLANTAR

sole of the foot

POPLITEAL

area posterior to the knee

SACRAL

posterior region between the hip bones

STERNAL

middle of the thorax, anteriorly

SURAL

calf of the leg

TARSAL

ankle

UMBILICAL

navel

VERTEBRAL

spinal column

CARDIOLOGY

branch of medical science dealing with the heart and heart diseases

DERMATOLOGY

study of the skin and its diseases

ENDOCRINOLOGY

study of hormones, hormone-secreting glands, and associated diseases

EPIDEMIOLOGY

study of the factors that contribute to determining the distribution and frequency of health-related conditions within a defined human population

GASTROENTEROLOGY

study of the stomach and intestines, as well as their diseases

GERIATRICS

branch of medicine dealing with older individuals and their medical problems

GERONTOLOGY

study of the process of aging and the various problems of older individuals

GYNECOLOGY

study of the female reproductive system and its disease

HEMATOLOGY

study of the blood and blood diseases

HISTOLOGY

study of the structure and function of tissues

IMMUNOLOGY

study of the body’s resistance to disease

NEONATOLOGY

study of newborns and the treatment of their disorders

NEPHROLOGY

study of the structure, function, and diseases of the kidneys

NEUROLOGY

study of the nervous system in health and disease

OBSTETRICS

branch of medicine dealing with pregnancy and childbirth

OTOLARYNGOLOGY

study of the ears, throat, larynx, and their diseases

PATHOLOGY

study of structural and functional changes within the body associated with disease

PEDIATRICS

branch of medicine dealing with children and their diseases

PHARMACOLOGY

study of drugs and their uses in the treatment of disease

PODIATRY

study of the care and treatment of the feet

PSYCHIATRY

branch of medicine dealing with the mind and its disorders

RADIOLOGY

study of X rays and radioactive substances, as well as their uses in diagnosing and treating diseases

TOXICOLOGY

study of poisonous substances and their effects on physiology

UROLOGY

branch of medicine dealing with the urinary and male reproductive systems and their diseases