stuart britain

the stuarts

the first monarchs of the UK, starting with James I of England (formerly known as James VI of Scotland)

stuart age

a term for the period 1603-1714, during which the Stuarts were monarchs of England, Scotland, and Ireland

monarchy

the monarch (king/queen) and royal family of England

prerogative

the power of the crown, derived from the concept of divine right

subsidy

a form of economic support for a particular undertaking; a parliamentary taxation on land + property

unwritten constitution

a mixture of parliamentary laws, the common law, and documents like the magna carta

political nation

responsible for collecting taxes, training the militia, enforcing laws, and conducting trials - powerful!

patriarchal

men could assert their influence whereas women had to exercise power in less overt political forums

great chain of being

a hierarchy of social order put in place by god

when did James I become King of England?

1603

when did James I give 44k to his Scottish friends

1607

how much did James I spend on Charles’ pageantry debut

£6467

when was the book of bounty

1608

royal debt in 1608

£600,000

royal debt in 1610

£280,000

royal debt in 1617

£726,000

royal debt in 1620

£900,000

number of monopolies by 1621

over 100

when was the subsidy act

1624

how much money did the subsidy act grant

£300,000

what did the great contract (1610) call for

annual grant of £200,000 and removal of £600,000 of debt

when was the gunpowder plot

1605

reformation

the 16th century decision movement to reform the catholic church

predestination

the belief that an individual's salvation is decided

when did James I order the collection of recusancy fines

1603

when was the oath of allegiance

1606

when was the millenary petition

1603

when was the king james bible published

1611

date of buckinghamshire election/shirley's case

1604

reason for the dissolution of james I's first parliament

james I's frustration over the great contract

royal debt in 1614

£680,000

when was the protestation

18th December 1621

when was the madrid trip

1623

hapsburgs

the ruling dynasty of both spain and the holy roman empire

holy roman empire

arrea of europe (modern germany) ruled by an 'emperor'

when was the treaty of london

1604

what was the treaty of london (1604)

peace treaty with spain

frederick of the palatinate

whom the state of bohemia offered the throne to, rashly accepted

the palatinate

area of the holy roman empire that was ruled by Frederick, the 'Elector Palatinate'

thirty years war

the conflict that broke out in 1618,, as a result of the struggle to claim the title of the emperor of the holy roman empire

what was the protestation

the name of the official protest against James I's foreign affairs decisions in 1621, leading to the dissolution of the 1621 parliament

amount of money granted to Charles + Buckingham for naval involvement in the thirty years war

£300,000

who was the arminian writer who James I promoted

Richard Montagu

James I's annual spending

£500,000

main religion of scotland

presbytarianism

George Buchanan

James I's tutor

Anne of Denmark

James I' wife

Robert Cecil

James I's first key minister, Lord Treasurer, and Earl of Salisbury

Robert Carr

James I's first favourite

George Villiers

Duke of Buckingham, James' second favourite

Henry

James I's first born son, died of typhoid in 1612

Charles

James I's heir and eventual king

millenary petition

petition given to James I by puritans with a list of

court masque

an elaborately costumed fantasy play that included dancing, charles I had them in his court

william prynne

produced the pamphlet ‘Histrio-mastix’, criticising women performing in plays

amount of money requested by Charles I upon his coronation, refused to explain what for

£1M

the forced loan

method of taxation used by charles I to raise money - deeply unpopular

when was the forced loan

1626

how many people were imprisoned for refusing to pay the forced loan

76 people

how much money did the forced loan raise

about £267,000 (70% of expected amount)

what is arminianism

a denomination of protestanatism whose members did not want further reform

when was the york house conference

1626

traditional tax collected by monarch - charles I only given a one year grant for

tonnage and poundage - customs!

when was the cadiz expedition

1625

when was the five knights case

november 1627

billeting

when soldiers were posted to live in local’s homes during war prep - unpopular!

Edward Coke

leading lawyer and critic of royal policy who led the writing of the Petition of Right

when was the petition of right

1628

petition of right

list of 4 criticisms/demands by parliament that attacked Charles I’s overuse of his prerogative

lord high admiral

naval position held by buckingham

count mansfield

german mercenary who received 6000 english troops in the netherlands - 4000 died

the speaker

chief officer of the house of commons who directs/ends debates

the method by which a monarch formally approves a bill passed by parliament, which then becomes an Act of Parliament, or official law

royal assent

huguenots

french protestants

La Rochelle

french port attacked by charles I + buckingham in an effort to relieve a Huguenot town - disaster

habeas corpus

the ancient right to be freed unless charged and tried with a crime - claimed by the ‘five knights’

cadiz port

spanish port attacked by charles i in 1626

when did charles i accept the petition of right

7th June 1628

the remonstrance

a written grievance in 1628 about Buckingham

martial law

suspension of laws due to the threat of war - reeks of absolutism

what is laudianism

laudians are anti-calvinist arminians, derived from William Laud after his imposed views

millenarianism

the belief in the end of the world, important to English Protestantism