Lesson 1: History of Medical Laboratory Profession PMLS1 by Felixberto C. Durante III (NU-Manila)

Hippocrates

medical practitioner who is regarded as the father of medicine; author of the Hippocratic oath

Quiricada St., Sta. Cruz Manila

It is where the first Clinical Laboratory in the Philippines is located

Philippine Union College of Baesa

It is the very first school to offer the complete 4 year course program in Medical Technology

Urine

One of the body fluids that underwent examination.

Galen

He described diabetes as the diarrhea of Urine

Blood, phlegm, yellow bile, black bile

Four humors

Hippocrates

Advocated the tasting of urine, listening to the lungs, and observing outward appearances in the diagnosis of disease.

kidney disease and chronic illnesses

Bubbles, blood and pus in urine signifies _______

Water casting (Uroscopy)

In medieval Europe, diagnosis by _________________ was widely practiced.

900 AD

The first book detailing the characteristics of urine (e.g., color, density, quality) was written.

Early 11th Century

medical practitioners were not allowed to conduct physical examination of the patients body.

18th Century

mechanical techniques and cadaver disection were used to provide a more objective and accurate diagnosis and to understand the insides of the body.

19th century

physicians begun using machines for diagnosis and therapeutics.

John Hutchinson

Invented the Spirometer

Spirometer

Used for measuring the vital capacity of the lungs

Jules Herrison

Invented the sphygmomanometer

Chemistry

It is pivotal in the diagnosis of diabetes, anemia, diphtheria, syphilis.

sphygmomanometer

used for measuring blood pressure

1816

The year the stethoscope was invented by Rene Laennec

1840

The year the Microscope was invented by Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek

1850

The year the Opthalmoscope was invented by Hermann Von Helmholz

1855

The year the laryngoscope was devised by Manuel Garcia

1859

The year the X-ray was developed by Wilhelm Roentgen

X-ray

It was invented by Wilhelm Roentgen when he discovered by accident that radiation could penetrate solid objects of low density.

1903

The year Electrocardiograph was developed

William Einthoven

Developed the Electrocardiograph

Electrocardiograph

Measures electrical changes during the beating of the heart

1910

The year Kenny Method was devised

Elizabeth Kenny

Devised the Kenny Method

Kenny Method

Served as the Pioneering work for modern physical therapy

1927

The year Drinker Respirator was invented

Philip Drinker

Invented the Drinker Respirator

Drinker Respirator

Help patients with parilytic anterior poliomyelitis recover normal respiration with the assistance of artificial respirator

1939

the year the Heart-lung Machine was invented

Hermann Von Helmholz

Invented the Heart-lung machine

heart-lung machine

First visual technology invented by Hermann Von Helmholz

1941

The year the Cardiac catheterization and Angiograph was invented

Andre Cournand

Invented the Cardiac catheterization and Angiograph

Cardiac catheterization and Angiograph

Made seeing the heart, lung vessels, and valves possible through inserting a cannula in an arm vein and into the heart with an injection of radiopaque dye for X-ray visualization

1895

the University of Pennsylvania’s William Pepper Laboratory of Clinical Medicine was opened to highlight the service role of clinical laboratories.

John Kolmer

He called for the development of a method that would certify medical technologists on a national scale; “The Demand for and Training of Laboratory Technicians”

chief physician

In 1920, the administrative units of clinical laboratories in large hospitals were directed by a ___________

linical pathology, bacteriology, microbiology, serology and radiology.

Clinical laboratories consisted of 4 to 5 divisions including?

1922

The year the American Society for Clinical Pathology (ASCP) was founded.

1950s

The year Medical Technologists in the US sought professional recognition from the government of their educational qualifications through licensure laws.

Licensure laws

Medical Technologists in the US sought professional recognition from the government of their educational qualifications through _____________

1565

the first hospital Spaniards established (Hospital Real in Cebu) was moved to Manila to cater to military patients.

1578

the Franciscans built the San Lazaro Hospital.

1596

Hospital de San Juan de Dios was founded for poor Spaniards.

1641

Hospital de San Jose was founded in Cavite.

1611

The Dominicans founded the University of Santo Tomas in _______

1871

established the first faculties of pharmacy and medicine.

1886

Boletin de Medicina de Manila

1893

Revista Farmaceutica de Filipinas

1895

Cronicas de Ciencias Medicas

1957

University of Santo Tomas initially offered the Medical Technology course as an elective for Pharmacy students in ______

1961

It is the year Medical Technology was recognized as an official program in UST.

Dr. Mariano Icasiano

He was the city health officer of Manila

Dr. Jesse Umali

He was the first graduate of the Medical Technology program of PUC in 1956

Elie Metchnikoff

He described the presence of phagocytes in the blood and its role in fighting infection.

1906

The year Howard Rickkets discovered microorganisms whose range lies between bacteria and viruses called rickettsiae.

Edward Jenner

In 1796, he discovered the smallpox vaccine.

Robert Koch

In 1877, he presented the first pictures of bacilli (anthrax), and later the tubercle bacilli.

Alfredo Pio de Roda

He was a well-known bacteriologist who took pain in preserving the first public health laboratory in Manila

1954

It is the year when Jonas Salk developed the poliomyelitis vaccine

Jonas Salk

He developed the poliomyelitis vaccine.

Hans Fischer

He worked out the structure of hemoglobin

Gregor Mendel

He discovered the Law of Heredity

1902

It is the year when Landsteiner discovered the ABO blood group system

Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek

The father of microbiology; known for his work on the improvement of the microscope

Louis Pasteur

Successfully produced immunity to rabies

August Von Wassermann

In 1906, He developed immunologic tests for syphilis

James Westgard

Introduced the Westgard Rules for quality control in the Clinical laboratory

Baruch Samuel Blumberg

In 1980, Introduced the Hepatitis B vaccine.

James Thomson

In 1998, derived the first human Stem Cell Line.