English conquest in the New World

What sparked the exploration of America by English, French, and Dutch explorers in the late 1500s?

Economic opportunity, competition among European powers, religious reasons,

Who were two prominent English explorers during the late 1500s?

Francis Drake and John Cabot.

What event in 1588 significantly impacted England's ability to build American colonies?

The defeat of the Spanish Armada.

What was the first successful English colony in America and when was it settled?

Jamestown, settled in 1607.

What cash crop did John Rolfe introduce to the Jamestown colony?

Tobacco.

What system was used in Virginia to attract labor to the colonies?

Indentured servitude.

What did the Mayflower Compact represent in colonial history?

An early form of self-government.

Who were the Pilgrims?

Separatists seeking religious freedom who sailed to America on the Mayflower.

What severe challenges did the early colonists in Massachusetts face?

Hunger, sickness, and harsh environmental conditions.

What was the significance of the Massachusetts Bay Colony founded by the Puritans?

It served as a model for a new society based on religious principles and inspired the Great Migration.

How did dissenters from Puritan beliefs contribute to the formation of new colonies?

They established new settlements like Connecticut, Rhode Island, and New Hampshire.

What was the purpose of Pennsylvania as founded by William Penn?

It was a haven for Quakers and represented a 'holy experiment' in religious freedom.

What were the Carolinas co-owned for?

As a land grant to eight men, later divided due to tensions.

Why was Georgia founded?

As a military buffer against Spanish colonies.

What was a major conflict between England and France in North America known as?

The French and Indian War.

What resulted from King Philip's War (1675-1676)?

Significant loss of life and destruction in New England and the development of a distinct American identity.

What is Salutary Neglect?

The policy of the British government to avoid strict enforcement of parliamentary laws, meant to keep the American colonies obedient to England.