Communist in China

Who was the nationalist leader supported by the U.S. during the Chinese Civil War?

Kai-Shea.

Who was the communist leader in North China during the Chinese Civil War?

Mao Zedong.

What was the purpose of surveillance in the communist regime?

To ensure complete loyalty and conformity.

What significant military action took place in 1948 related to the Chinese Civil War?

The People's Liberation Army surrounded Beijing and occupied Shanghai.

What happened to Chiang's nationalists after losing to the communists?

2 million nationalists fled to Taiwan.

What is a key feature of schools in China under communist rule?

Education focused on a single ideology with discouragement of other viewpoints.

What change occurred to private farmland during communist rule?

It was taken by the government and people were forced into communes.

What was the aim of the Great Leap Forward (1958-1966)?

To create a perfect society or egalitarian utopia.

What was the first principle of the Great Leap Forward?

All-Around Development, with equal emphasis on industry and agriculture.

What does Mass Mobilization refer to in the context of the Great Leap Forward?

Using the large population to motivate harder work and reduce unemployment.

How did Political Unanimity and Zeal influence governance?

Party workers, rather than bureaucrats, would run the government to inspire hard work.

What was the principle of Decentralization in the Great Leap Forward?

Strengthening local governments with less control from the central government.

What were communes in the context of the Great Leap Forward?

Over 700,000 farms combined into 26,000 collective farms.

What contributed to the failure of the Great Leap Forward?

Drought, flood, and peasant revolts leading to 15 million deaths by starvation.

What was the Little Red Book?

A book distributed by Mao, considered the most important source of knowledge.

Who were the Red Guards?

Students who supported Mao and were tasked with destroying the Four Olds.

What were the Four Olds that the Red Guards aimed to destroy?

Ideas, culture, customs, and habits.

What actions were taken by the Red Guards during the Cultural Revolution?

They destroyed temples, books, and music, and humiliated those who rebelled.