MSE 45 Material Timeline

Paleolithic

2.5 million - 10,000 BCE

Materials: Stone, Bone, Wood

Society: Hunter-Gatherers, Early Art (Cave Paintings)

Mesolithic

10,000 BCE - 8,000 BCE

Materials: Refined Stone Tools

Society: Semi-Settled, Fishing, Adapation Post Ice Age

Neolithic

8,000 BCE - 3,000 BCE

Materials: Polished Stone, Early Ceramics

Society: Agriculture, Permanent Settlements

Bronze Age

3,000 BCE - 1,200 BCE

Materials: Bronze

Society: Metallurgy, Trader Networks, Early Cities

Iron Age

1,200 BCE - 500 CE

Materials: Iron and Steel

Society: Stronger Tools & Weapons, Expanding Empires

Early Christian

300 - 800 CE

Materials: Stone Architecture, Mosaics

Society: Spread of Christianity, Roman/Byzantine Influence

Viking Age

800 CE - 1100 CE

Materials: Iron Weapons, Advanced Shipbuilding

Society: Exploration, Trade, Raiding

Norman Period

1066 CE - 1150 CE

Materials: Stone Castles, Romanesque Architecture

Society: Feudal Systems, Consolidation of Power

Plantation Period

1600 CE - 1800 CE

Materials: Agricultural Tools, Early Industrial Materials

Society: Colonization, Large-Scale Architecture, Global Trade

Independence/Modern Formation

1800+

Materials: Industrial Metals, Composites

Society: Nation-States, Industrialization, Modern Governance