Manifest Destiny: after the American Revolution

What is Manifest destiny?

Manifest Destiny was the 19th-century belief that the United States was destined by God to expand across North America, from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean. It fueled westward expansion, leading to the acquisition of new territories and the displacement of Native American populations.

What is slavery?

Slavery is a system in which people are treated as property and forced to work without pay or basic rights, often under harsh conditions. In the context of U.S. history, it primarily involved the forced labor of African people, particularly in the South, and was a deeply entrenched institution that contributed to economic and social inequalities until it was abolished in 1865 by the 13th Amendment.

Who were the 3 main groups of people during this time period? Where are they?

• Free white men and women: live everywhere

• Free blacks: live north

• Enslaved blacks: live south

What does “Acquire” mean?

to gain something new

Why are the blacks free in the north but not in the south?

Because there wasn’t that much good farmland so slaves were less profitable and if they used them for other jobs white people wouldn’t be able to get any jobs. In the south however since they was a lot of farmland, thus hard labor, slavery was prevalent. 

What are the differences between the North and south?

North: Free blacks, factories, counts free blacks as part of the population but they still had little rights

South: Slavery exists and supports their economy of agriculture. They only counted free white men and women as part of the population

What are state representatives and what do they have to do with power/population?

State representatives are elected officials who serve in the U.S. House of Representatives. The number of representatives each state gets is based on its population — more people = more representatives. This gives more populous states more power in Congress. During the Manifest Destiny/slavery era, this mattered because states wanted more representatives to influence national decisions, especially over slavery.

During this time period the U.S was divided between ____ states and ____ states.

Free, slave

Both the free and slave states want ______.

More power in the government

The free states were in the ___. The slave states were in the ____..

North, south

The free blacks were in the ____. The enslaved blacks were in the ____.

North, south.

Which 13 colonies were slave states and free states?

Slave States (Southern Colonies):

1. Virginia

2. Maryland

3. South Carolina

4. Georgia

Free States (Northern Colonies):

1. Massachusetts

2. New Hampshire

3. Connecticut

4. Rhode Island

5. New York

6. Pennsylvania

What was the 3/5 compromise?

States can count three fifths  of the enslaved people as their population in order to get more representation in congress. mainly benefited the southern states with the most slaves

The ____ and _____ __ ______ are two chambers in the legislative branch of congress that work together to make laws/decisions that effect the whole country.

Senate, House of representatives

The 3/5ths compromise most benefited the ____.

south

What are the differences between the Senate and the house of representatives in Congress?

Senate

• Number of Members: 2 per state

• Main Role: Approve treaties, confirm presidential appointments, act as a jury in impeachment trials.

• Leadership: Vice President is the President of the Senate, but the majority leader has more power.

House of Representatives

• Number of Members: based on population of each state

• Main Role: Initiate revenue bills, impeach officials, represent districts.

• Leadership: Speaker of the House is the most powerful.

Each state gets ____ senators

2

The ____ is a fair way to represent ALL states regardless of population

Senate

The ____ is a fair way to represent ALL states based on their population

house of representatives

in 1789 (late 18th century) the ____ states had the most power in congress

slave

In 1800 the _____ states had the most power in congress

slave

In 1821 (early 18th century) the ____ states had the most power in congress

No state had the most power, the power was balanced between 12 slave states and 12 free states

Which direction is west?

Left

Which direction is right on a compass?

East

If you're going down on a map you are going ____

South

Which direction is up/forward on a map?

North

During this era the United State started expanding ______

westward

John Adams was president from ____ to ____ and was an anti Federalist or Federalist?

1797-1801, was an avid federalist 

Thomas Jefferson was president from ____ to ___ and was an anti Federalist or Federalist?

1801 - 1809

So of anti-federalist, he limited many federal powers, but was more known as a Democratic-Republican: a party that opposed the federalist during this time

Why did the United States have various conflicts/issues with the French?

The U.S. had conflict with France primarily due to the XYZ Affair (1797), where French officials demanded bribes from American diplomats, leading to an undeclared naval war. France was also angry when the U.S. chose neutrality during the French Revolutionary Wars, refusing to honor its Treaty of Alliance. Tensions continued into the early 1800s, contributing to disruptions in trade and helping spark the War of 1812. These conflicts were fueled by France's expectations of U.S. support and the U.S.'s desire to avoid involvement in European wars.

What was the XYZ affair?

The XYZ Affair (1797) was a diplomatic incident between the U.S. and France. American diplomats were sent to France to address French interference with U.S. shipping. However, French officials, known only as "X," "Y," and "Z," demanded bribes and loans before any negotiations could begin. The U.S. refused, which led to public outrage and the start of an undeclared naval conflict, the Quasi-War, between the two countries.

During John Addams presidency he wanted to strengthen ______

The navy

Who was the first president?

George washington 

Who was the second president?

John addams

Who was the third president?

Thomas Jefferson

Who was the fourth president?

James Madison

Alien and Sedition 

The Alien and Sedition Acts of 1798 were laws passed by Federalists that extended the time to become a citizen, allowed the deportation of foreigners, and criminalized criticism of the government. They were widely seen as unconstitutional, leading to strong opposition from Democratic-Republicans and contributing to Thomas Jefferson’s election in 1800.

Thomas Presidency was from…

1801 to 1809, basically the early 1800s