AMCA Review

Professional appearance for Phlebotomists

Stickers, pins, or other types of tokens should not cover the employee or department name.

Professional appearance for Phlebotomists

Sandals and flip-flops are not permitted

Professional appearance for Phlebotomists

Nails should be clean and neatly manicure

Positive attitude

Smile and pleasant can-do attitude.

Integrity

A phlebotomist with integrity understands that following the rules for collection is essential to the quality of test results.

Respect

Believing that all people are worthy of respect at some level is extremely important in healthcare communication.

Respect

The effect of honoring and respecting the person as a unique individual is confirmation of the patient's presence and needs.

Display empathy and compassion towards others

Never draw blood from a patient who is standing or sitting on a high stool

Display empathy and compassion towards others

Position the patient properly by ensuring that his or her elbow is straight and supported underneath.

Display empathy and compassion towards others

Try to calm nervous patients and relieve anxiety by making small talk

Display empathy and compassion towards others

Monitor and note any changes to the patient's condition and immediately inform the supervisor of any abnormalities or change

Display empathy and compassion towards others

Confirm with the patient if he or she is taking any anticoagulants, such as warfarin, heparin, or aspirin, as these affect bleeding time and will require extra compression to stop the bleeding after the draw.

Noteworthy events

A change in the patient's state of consciousness, such as dizziness or syncope.

Noteworthy events

Excessive bleeding tim

Noteworthy events

If the patient experiences extreme pain, or any other symptoms that were not present prior to the blood draw

How to demonstrate respect for diversity

Approach all patients with a smile and use a friendly tone of voice

How to demonstrate respect for diversity

Be alert to patient reactions to your approach and direct your actions to accomodate them

How to demonstrate respect for diversity

Do not stereotype a particular culture

How to demonstrate respect for diversity

Spend additional time explaining procedures and patient instructions

Perform tasks within the scope of practice of a phlebotomy technician

Correct identification and preparation of the patient before sample collection

Perform tasks within the scope of practice of a phlebotomy technician

Collection of the appropriate amount of blood by venipuncture or dermal puncture for the specified.

Perform tasks within the scope of practice of a phlebotomy technician

Selection of the appropriate sample containers for the specified tests.

Perform tasks within the scope of practice of a phlebotomy technician

Correct labeling of all samples with the required informatio

Perform tasks within the scope of practice of a phlebotomy technician

Appropriate transportation of samples back to the laboratory in a timely manner.

Perform tasks within the scope of practice of a phlebotomy technician

Effective interaction with patients and hospital personnel.

Perform tasks within the scope of practice of a phlebotomy technician

Processing of samples for delivery to the appropriate laboratory

Perform tasks within the scope of practice of a phlebotomy technician

Performance of computer operations and record-keeping pertaining to phlebotomy

Demonstrate respect for patient's rights under The Patient Care Partnership

The Phlebotomist should only perform the range of activities that is within their scope of practice

Ethics

Ethical behavior is never prejudiced or biase

A Tort

Negligence is an unintentional wrong

A Tort

Malpractice is negligence by a professional person (unintentio

Intentional torts are acts that are meant to be harmful

Defamation is injuring a person's name and reputation by making false statements to a third person.

Intentional torts are acts that are meant to be harmful

Libel is making false statements in print, writing, or through pictures

Intentional torts are acts that are meant to be harmful

Slander is making false statements orally.

Intentional torts are acts that are meant to be harmful

Invasion of privacy is violating a person's right not to have his or her private affairs exposed.

Intentional torts are acts that are meant to be harmful

Fraud is saying or doing something to trick, fool, or deceive a person

Intentional torts are acts that are meant to be harmful

Assault is intentionally attempting to touch or threaten a person's body without their consent.

Intentional torts are acts that are meant to be harmful

Battery is touchinga person's body without their consent

Intentional torts are acts that are meant to be harmful

Informed consent is when the person clearly understands what is going to be done

Intentional torts are acts that are meant to be harmful

Implied consent occurs when the patient's nonverbal behavior indicates agreement

Intentional torts are acts that are meant to be harmful

Abandonment is when a provider withdraws from the care of a patient without reasonable notice of discharge

Intentional torts are acts that are meant to be harmful

There are two types of civil actions - lack of informed consent and violation of standard of care.

HIPAA

Patients must have written consent to have information to be disclosed to another party.

HIPAA

All information will be kept confidential

HIPAA

Patient will usually sign a consent form

CLIA

Agency that provides regulations to ensure the accuracy and quality of lab testing

CLIA

Requires laboratory certifications by the federal government

CLIA

Inspects blood collection procedures regularly to prevent improper techniques causing false test resuts

Incident Reports

Accidents, Thefts from person on hospital property, slips or falls that occur on the facilty property

Incident Reports

Errors of omission of patient treatment or errors in administration of patient treatment including medication

Incident Reports

Exposure to blood and bodily fluids that may be caused by a finger stick

Medical Records

Admission sheet, Nursing History, Graphic sheet, Progress notes,Flow sheets

Reporting

Is the oral account of care, and recording is the written account of care and observations.

Assessment

Involves collecting information about the person

Observation

Is using the sense of sight, hearing, touch, and smell to collect information

Objective Data

Is information that is heard, felt, or smelled

Subjective Data

Are things a person tells you about that you cannot observe through your senses.

Phlebotomist continuing education

All health-care professionals are expected to participate in continuing education (CE) activities

Perform proper hand hygiene

Remove jewelry (including rings, with the exception of watches, wedding bands, and bracelets)

Perform proper hand hygiene

Stand at the sink without allowing clothing to touch the sink.

Perform proper hand hygiene

Turn on the faucet and wet hands under warm running water, Apply soap and work up a lather

Perform proper hand hygiene

Scrub all surfaces, including between the fingers and around the knuckles. Rub hands together vigorously for at least 15 seconds

Perform proper hand hygiene

Rinse your hands in a downward motion from wrists to fingertips, Dry hands with a clean paper towel

Perform proper hand hygiene

Use a clean paper towel to turn off the faucet

Respiratory hygiene & proper cough etiquette

Cover your mouth and nose with a tissue when coughing or sneezing.

Respiratory hygiene & proper cough etiquette

Use in the nearest waste receptable to dispose of the tissue after use then Perform hand hygiene

Barrier Protection

Masks, Goggles, Respirators, Face shields, Gloves

Proper Isolation Procedures

AIDS stands for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and is caused by a virus called human immunodeficiency virus

Hepatitis B

Is an inflammation of the liver that is caused by the hepatitis B virus, also known as HBV

Tuberculosis

Is a disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, an airborne pathogen

Nosocomial Infections

Infection that first occurs during a patient's stay at a health-care facility, regardless of whether it is detected during the stay or after, is known as a nosocomial infection

Hand hygiene should be performed in the following situations:

Before and after contact with a patient. Before donning and upon removing gloves and PPE. After touching contaminated equipment.

Hand hygiene should be performed in the following situations:

Before and after eating or going to break. Before leaving the facility at the end of a shift

Aseptic techniques for proper blood collection include

Frequent hand hygiene (handwashing).Use of barrier garments and PPE,.Following standard precautions,Using sterile procedures when necessary

Transmission-Based Precautions

Second tier of precautions, known as Expanded Precautions (EPs), are to be used when the patient is known or suspected of being infected with contagious disease

Contact Precautions

Wear clean, non-sterile examination gloves when entering the room. Change gloves after contact with infective material (e.g., fecal materials or wound drainage). Remove gloves before leaving patient room. Wash hands

Examples of Infections

Skin Infections, Enteric Infections and Escherichia coli

Clean and disinfect Phlebotomy equipment and area

Sanitization, Disinfection, Sterilization

General guidelines for cleaning spills include

Wearing gloves, wipe up visible blood or biohazardous material, disinfect the contaminated area.

Procedures to dispose of the contaminated sharps and biohazard fluids

All biohazardous materials should be appropriately labeled,should be placed in leak proof containers and clearly marked as Biohazard

First Aid External Hemorrhage

Apply direct pressure to the wound until bleeding stops or EMS arrives, If bleeding continues, keep applying new cloth or gauze over the saturated ones already on the wound.

Shock Symptoms

Clammy, pale, cold skin, rapid weak pulse, shallow or increased breathing rate, staring eyes or expressionless face

First aid for shock

Maintain open airway, call for assistance, keep patient lying down with head lower than the rest of the body

First aid for shock

Attempt to control bleeding or other cause of shock if knownkeep patient warm until help arrives.

Fire

Office staff should be familiar with escape routes as well as the location of fire extinguishers and fire alarm

Weather (Tornadoes, hurricanes, earthquake)

Check for hazards and find a place of safety; depending on the event and the severity of the situation may call for you to flee for safety

Terrorism

When faced with a terroristic situation or active shooter think Run, Hide, Fight:

Sharps/Needlestick Injury Prevention

Failure to activate the safety device after using a needle, Attempting to re-cap a needle,mproper transferring of blood specimens from a syringe into collection tubes

Sharps/Needlestick Injury Prevention

Use of needles without safety devices,Overfilling the biohazard sharps container, Improper disposal of sharps

Sharps/Needlestick Injury Prevention

Use of non-retractable puncture devices for fingerst

Types of safety features for needles

Self-capping needles - plastic sheath snaps closed over needle, Retractable needles - needle retracts into syringe, tube holder, or another device

Types of safety features for needles

In-vein activation - when a button is pushed, the needle is automatically retracted directly from the vein into the needle device

Specimen Labels and Blood Collection Lists

Patient I.D. (name, registration, or I.D. number, location, Name of physician or person ordering the test, Tests required

Specimen Labels and Blood Collection Lists

Other pertinent clinical information when appropriate, Specimen Processing and Handling

Arteriovenous Shunt or Fistua

Permanent surgical fusion of an artery and a vein that is typically created to provide access for dialysis.

Heparin or Saline Lock

Catheter or cannula connected to a stopcock or cap with a diaphragm that provides access for administering medications.

Intravenous Site

When a patient has an IV in one arm, try the other arm. If a patient has an IV in both arms, try a capillary puncture if possible

Analgesics

Relieve mild to severe pain - Tylenol, aspirin, etc.

Antibiotic

Kills bacterial microorganisms - Amoxil, ciproflaxin, zithromax, etc.

Anticoagulant

Prevent blood from clotting - Lovenox, heparin sodium, warfarin sodium.