Cell Division and Cancer

During __________, the cell grows and copies its organelles and proteins.

G1 phase

The __________ phase is where all DNA is copied.

S phase

This phase prepares the cell for division by creating organelles and molecules: __________.

G2 phase

A __________ is tightly packed DNA seen during mitosis and cell division.

chromosome

During interphase, the DNA is in an uncoiled state known as __________.

chromatin

In __________, DNA condenses and the nucleus disappears as spindle fibers form.

Prophase

During __________, chromosomes line up in the middle and spindle fibers attach to them.

Metaphase

In __________, the chromatids are separated by spindle fibers pulling them apart.

Anaphase

The final phase of mitosis, where two nuclei form and chromosomes become chromatin, is called __________.

Telophase

In animal cells, cytokinesis results in __________ as the cells pinch apart.

2 daughter cells

Plant cells form a __________ during cytokinesis instead of pinching apart.

cell plate

Internal regulators that respond to events inside the cell are mainly called __________.

cyclins

__________ respond to external events and include proteins known as growth factors.

External regulators

__________ is the process of programmed cell death that can prevent cancer.

apoptosis

Cancer cells lose the ability to respond to signals regulating __________, leading to uncontrolled division.

cell growth

__________ cells do not spread to other parts of the body, whereas malignant cells invade surrounding tissue.

Benign

The term __________ refers to the spread of cancer cells to different parts of the body.

metastasis

Defects in __________ can lead to uncontrolled cell growth and cancer.

DNA

A common treatment for cancer that involves the removal of tumors is __________.

surgery

__________ is another treatment method for cancer that uses drugs to kill fast-growing cells.

Chemotherapy

_________ invades and destroys surrounding tissue and spread

Malignant