Foundations in Pharmacology: Innate Immune System

Vocabulary flashcards based on key concepts from the lecture notes on the Innate Immune System.

Phagocytosis

The process by which a cell engulfs foreign particles or microorganisms.

Pathogen-Associated Molecular Patterns (PAMPs)

Unique molecules present on pathogens that can be recognized by the innate immune system.

Toll-like receptors (TLRs)

A type of pattern recognition receptor found on immune cells that recognizes PAMPs.

Complement system

A group of proteins that enhance the ability of antibodies and phagocytic cells to eliminate pathogens.

Acute inflammatory response

The body’s immediate response to injury or infection characterized by redness, heat, swelling, and pain.

Primary lymphoid organs

Organs where immune cells are generated and matured; includes bone marrow and thymus.

Secondary lymphoid organs

Organs where immune cell interactions occur, such as lymph nodes, spleen, and Peyer's patches.

Cytokines

Small proteins secreted by cells that have a wide range of effects, including immune response regulation.

Natural killer cells

A type of lymphocyte that plays a role in the innate immune response by directly killing infected or cancerous cells.

Phagocytes

White blood cells that engulf and digest microorganisms and cellular debris.

Microcidal factors

Substances that can directly destroy or inhibit the growth of microorganisms.

Interferons (IFNs)

Cytokines that interfere with viral replication and provide defense against viral infections.

Innate immune system

The body's first line of defense that responds quickly and non-specifically to pathogens.

Adaptive immune system

The part of the immune system that provides a specific response to pathogens, developing memory for future responses.

Hematopoiesis

The process of forming new blood cells, including immune cells, in the bone marrow.