History of Contemporary Art FINAL

Title: One and Three Chairs
Artist: Kosuth
Year: 1965
Movement: Conceptual
Info: Three depictions of a chair, dictionary definition, a physical chair, and a picture of a chair. The physical chair in the middle is tangible and the real chair according to plato. When viewing this you need to first think about what a chair is the first thing that pops into your head is the most important.

Title: Untitled (Your Gaze Hits the Side of My Face)
Artist: Barbara Krueger
Year: 1985
Movement: Conceptual
Info: commenting on how women are subjected to the male gaze

Title:Truisms (Private Property created Crime)
Artist:Jenny Holzer
Year: 1985
Movement: Conceptual
Info: comments on how a lot of crime is based on who has access to what

Title: Untitled (Portrait of Ross in L.A)
Artist: Felix gonzalez torres
Year: 1995
Movement: Conceptual
Info: A pile of candy, the candy is the exact weight of his partner when he was healthy. The viewers can eat the candy so the pile dwindles like this person’s life. The Sweetness of the candy represents the sweetness and happiness of the person who eventually disappeared. His partner was died due to complication of AIDS. Conceptual art gallery has list of instructions in order to set it up.

Title: Brining the War Home: Beautiful House
Artist: Rosler
Year: 1970
Movement: Feminist
Info: Photomontage, decorating magazine with soldiers collaged in. Perfect rooms and constrasts them with images of from the war. Stay aware of was is happening to american and vietnam soldiers. Another version- house is normal but the outside is destroyed- images of ravaged country side. some of the higher classes were not affected by the war like other lower class women. News on the war typically was ignored by the higher class, because it didn’t affect them as much.

Title: The Dinner Party
Artist: Judy Chicago
Year: 1975
Movement: Feminist
Info: white tile floor inscribed in gold with 999 womens names, triangular table with painted porcelain, sculpted porcelain plates, and needlework- each side 48’

VULVA FORM IMAGE

Bringing famous women “to the table”

The sculptures on the plates are representative of vulvas

Some are super abstract some aren’t

Combining “feminine arts”

400 volunteers

Becomes tricky with intersectionality

Chicago did not give any of the other women credit (neither did the other artists in history)

Only one black women is represented in the plates

Womens work

Title: S.O.S Starification Object Series
Artist: Hannah Wilke
Year: 1975
Movement: Feminist
Info: using her own body to address how we view women's bodies.

Chewed gum stuck to her body- metaphor for how we chew women up and spit them out

Chewing gum looks like a vulva (outside of the vagina)

Title: Womanhouse (detail of Linen Closet)
Artist: Sandra Orgel
Year: 1975
Movement: Feminist
Info: Cupboard in had a mannequin in it- trapped in the linen closet. Trying to walk out but she is being choked and pulled back into this role.

Title: The Advantages of Being a Woman Artist
Artist: Guerilla girls
Year: 1985
Movement: Feminist
Info: A group of women artists and historians who wore gorilla masks to hide identities

Create posters and textworks that would cheekily bring out why women were not taken as seriously as men whereas artists.

Also covered other societal issues, humorous but hard edge

Title: Imperial Nude: Paul Rosano
Artist: Sylvia Sleigh
Year: 1975
Movement: Identity
Info: traditional feminine pose, not looking at the audience, we can just stare at his body, Naturalistic painting- unheard of at this point. Not common at this time period.

Takes traditional forms from art history and flips the rolls

Used to seeing the nude female body reclined. To see a man in the same way is different from the classical paintings in art history.

Title: Untitled Film Still #35
Artist: Cindy Sherman
Year: 1975
Movement: Identity
Info: housewife? Portraying a particular social status.

Every image she has taken is a self portrait- she knows what she wants- agency. Deciding how she is represented. She is always the subject.

Showing herself but nothing you see is real

Identity is always in flux

She decides the outfits, the location, and the poses.

Title: Piss Christ
Artist: Andres Serrano
Year: 1985
Movement: Identity
Info: basically a yellow and orange jesus, looks like he’s urine, cheap plastic jesus in pee.

Abjection

Trying to question what people get upset about

Why waste so much time being upset about this

Was only upseting to people after they found out how they were made

Title: Self-Portrait
Artist: Robert Mapplethorp
Year: 1985
Movement: Identity
Info: explored identity, feminine, masculine,

Title: Guarded Conditions
Artist: Lorna Simpson
Year: 1985
Movement: Identity
Info: fragments and serializes the body. Rarely given access to face- denied access to emotional position
Pose is bound- tension in the body, rigid (handcuffed pose)

We can empathize with her.

This level of discomfort is not a one time thing- why image is repeated

Representational of slave auctions- her face does not matter, 

Title: Untitled (I feel most colored when I am thrown against a sharp white background)
Artist: Glenn Ligon
Year: 1990
Movement: Identity
Info: text written by black authors and playing with the ideas of seeing and hearing, quote from writing by zora neale hurston how it feels to be colored me. Stencils and oil sticks. Metaphor for how race is viewed in society

Title: Alison Lapper (8 months)
Artist: Marc Quinn
Year: 2000
Movement: Identity
Info: women with disabilities pregnant, hardstone traditional sculpture, issues of what bodies you should see and not see

Title: Untitled
Artist: Flavin
Year: 1965
Movement: Installation
Info: fluorescent light, metal, Inspired by modern architecture- letting the materials shine through, celebrating the materials

Sculpting with light- the viewer is part of the work of art

He did not consider his work sculpture but we do. He also created the space. Sculpted the space with light.

Title: House
Artist: Rachel Whiteread
Year: 1990
Movement: Installation
Info: Large scale monuments

Rethinking preservation of memory

THEME: MEMORY and ARCHITECTURE

concrete, sections that mimic windows, solid concrete, concrete mold of the negative within the house, making a memory of the space we actually live in

Not replicating the actual item

Dealing directly with memory and memorial

The inside is where things take place, not the outside

Title: The Physical Impossibility of Death in the Mind of someone Living
Artist: Damien Hirst
Year: 1995
Movement: Installation
Info: Most well known of the wba Interested in the theme of death, worked at a mortuary which influenced this theme. Combining science and art

real tiger shark in steel and glass frame in formaldehyde solution, trying to preserve things that are no longer there, memory of something that used to be alive, massive

Title: Nameless Library
Artist: Rachel Whiteread
Year: 2000
Movement: Installation
Info: memorializing the jewish literature works, all the books are turned inward, you have no information, related to the books burned and also the lives that were lost during the holocaust (Located in Judenplatz, Vienna). Not super large.

Door casts you can't open into a space you can't open.

All of the stories that were lost because of the Nazis

About not being able to enter

Lost forever in the holocaust

Stories that will never be told

Massive Lost

Names of the camps people were sent to on the bottom

Books turned so you cannot see the spine

We know they exist but we cannot access them

Personal in size

Title:The Gates, Project for central Park
Artist: Christo and Jeanne Claude
Year: 2005
Movement: Installation
Info: coated steel archways with orange nylon fabric, float and move through the city, made in winter to stand out against the dani winter. Bring burst of color to The Gates during the winter

Unique, brought attention to the park, Temporary installations, only exist through documentation, dont want to leave marks on the landscape

Title: MetroMobiltan
Artist: Hans Haacke
Year: 1985
Movement: Institutional critique
Info: combined different banners to mimic banners at the met

Show that showed ancient arts in nigeria- middle

Laid out things mobil has done- sides

Funding racist military in africa but also funding exhibits showing african work

At the height of apartheid

Exposed what was happening under the surface of a gallery or museum space

Mobil: hypocritical because it’s showing off African art, yet also aren’t really doing anything to help. So pretending to care by showing off the art, yet not really caring about the conflict happening. “Art Washing”

Title: Remebering
Artist: Ai Wei Wei
Year: 2005
Movement: Institutional Critique
Info: in response to the earthquake in sitchowong province, building standards were low so the earthquake was more devastating than it should have been, children in schools died, stacks of backpacks that equated to the number of children that died, children's voices reading the kids that have died it takes 3 hrs and 40 minutes

Was not allowed to be displayed in China, seen as defiance of the government.

He keeps pointing out civil issues happening in China.

Title: Sunflower Seeds
Artist: Ai Wei Wei
Year: 2010
Movement: Institutional Critique
Info: a photo of factory workers next to sunflower seeds, sunflower seeds where made of porcelain and were hand painted, linking the work back to traditional chinese arts

Sunflower seeds are a popular snack in chinese culture

Mao ze dong was known as the sun of the nation and the people where the sunflowers

Title: Untitled
Artist: Judd
Year: 1965
Movement: Minimalism
Info: What happens when you change the color and material? Display?

Changing how the audience views color brings emotional content. Displaying them outside or in different spaces can give you a different perception of the pieces meaning. Started as a painter and became more sculptural. Gestalt Theory

Title: Die
Artist: Tony Smith
Year: 1965
Movement: Minimalism
Info: Steel, the, dice, death, becomes a surface that changes over time (seasons affect it) because of its environment. Steel is dying, it's rusting away. “Die” in German-“The”. Pushing away sanitary gallery space, a different environment from where it was created. In Florence

Title: One Ton Prop (House of cards)
Artist: Richard Serra
Year: 1965
Movement: Minimalism
Info: big plates of lead, propped up or prop like a tool in a play, creates tension because it could literally be destroyed. Looks like it may collapse, freestanding. You can see through it, look into it, walk around it

Title: Titlted Arc
Artist: Richard Serra
Year: 1985
Movement: Minimalism
Info: commission, basically just a large piece of curved-ish metal, very tall and heavy, controversial- blocks the fountain, eyesore, lazy, people could hide behind it, ruins direct pathways,

Instead of focusing on optical experience, wants it to encompass people on the plaza.

Title: Untitled, “Keith Haring One Man Show”
Artist: Keith Haring
Year: 1985
Movement: Neo-expressionism
Info: fragments and serializes the body. Rarely given access to face- denied access to emotional position

Pose is bound- tension in the body, rigid (handcuffed pose)

We can empathize with her.

This level of discomfort is not a one time thing- why image is repeated

Representational of slave auctions- her face does not matter,

Title: Grillo
Artist: Jean-Micheal Basquiat
Year: 1985
Movement: Neo-Expressionism
Info: Came directly from street art culture. Streets provided surfaces for him to display his art. Elevated street art graffiti to mainstream, leading to him being able to sell his works.

Noticed by Warhol- mentured him

Referenced Pop culture, religion, and politics.

wood and doors placed together, reference rauschenberg. Crown signature tag.

Taking ideas from the history of art - filtering them through the past decades they have observed and experienced.

Title: Der Morgethau Plan
Artist: Anselm Kiefer
Year: 2010
Movement: Neo-Expressionism
Info: when you first see it looks like flowers and tall grass, referencing the idea of knocking back Germany to an agrarian state.

Heavily expressionist brushwork- action painting.

Laid over a photograph of fields next to a factory

Showing what Germany would be today if Morgenthau went through with the plan, a field of flowers. Think about the choices we make.

These plans bring on massive debates, and changes.

Title: New Hoover Quadroflex, New hoover convertible, new hoover dimension 900, new hoover dimension 1000
Artist: Jeff Koons
Year: 1985
Movement: Neo-pop
Info: takes on idea of consumer product, showing them as precious artifacts, in clean cases, lights them.

Title: Rabbit
Artist: Jeff Koons
Year: 1985
Movement: Neo-pop
Info: Commodities broker, he loved capitalism

Reinvented the readymade

Easy to consume- not challenging, easily recognizable

Tackiness of celebrities

balloon animals, most successful series

Title: Shoot
Artist: Chris Burden
Year: 1975
Movement: Performance
Info: Played with self harm and the idea of filming “shoot” and weapon “shoot.” friend shot him in the left arm with a gun (real rifle from about 15 feet away)

Facing the reality of gun violence

Desensitization of violence

The drafts and people killed in vietnam on the news

Pushing bounds of art and taking control of how, when, and where the violence occurs to him. Freedom of choice. why is it absurd when he does it? taboo

outside of war, your spouse is most likely to murder you.

Title: The artist is Present
Artist: Marina Abramovic
Year: 2010
Movement: Performance
Info: took place at moma, for 7.5 hours for two months she sat in a gallery and people sat across from her in silence, the work “staring back at you”

Title: Contingent
Artist: Eva Hesse
Year: 1965
Movement: Post-Minimalism
Info: cheese cloth hung from the ceiling, coats part in fiberglass and latex, very delicate.

Work breaks down over time.

Fluidity of nature in a gallery space.

Title: George Washington Carver Crossing the Delaware: Page from an American History Textbook
Artist: Colescott
Year: 1975
Movement: Race and Culture
Info: reworks the original with black figures. We are celebrating all these white heros without acknowledging the help of poc.

Based on Washington crossing the Delaware, 1851. George Washington carver was known for coming up with 100 uses for peanuts. The original was idealized

Title: Liberating Aunt Jemima
Artist: Betye Saar
Year: 1975
Movement: Race and Culture
Info: statue showing an african american woman and within it is a frame of a person of color holding a white baby, a black fist overlaps with it.

Black Face

Broom: typically would’ve been a housekeeper

Gun: she is fighting back, fist: black power salute

Child: Black women would be nanny to wealthier white families

Offensive character was used to sell goods is used within the background

References traditional roll that black women are caretakers of white babies at the expense of their own babies

Blck fist in front is a symbol of black power

Rifle and broom on either side show the dichotomy of black women

Specifically picks an image pulled from blackface and offensive shows

Combining aspects to say that black culture needs to be liberated from these offensive rolls

Title: Mining the Museum
Artist: Fred Wilson
Year: 1995
Movement: Race and Culture
Info: Critiquing display practices in museums specifically. went through museum archives and pulled out important museum artifacts- investigating how policies of slavery affected american culture

Busts of important white leaders and black leaders (there isn’t any black figures on the display because the museum does not represent them)

Did this with decorative arts as well (chairs in the back and then a post people get tied and wiped too in the front)- the arts are directly from enslavement and abuse. Set it up like a performative piece.

Title: Drawing from Felix in Exile
Artist: William Kentridge
Year: 1995
Movement: Race and Culture
Info: relations between races in south africa, you cannot erase the past

Man trying to find his wife- complex- mixed race

Abuse to humans and natural resources.

A statement about memory- active depiction

Title: Spiral Jetty
Artist: Smithson
Year: 1970
Movement: Site-Specific
Info: Black rock, salt crystal,

and earth outside the great salt lake, obtained rocks and hired people to move them into the spiral shape, meant to be a work of art that changed based on natural principles

Spiral forms a labyrinth, related back to churches

Traditional meditative form

160 feet

Still there but severe drought and water overuse made it look completely different

Documentation of climate change

Title: Vietnam Veterans Memorial
Artist: Maya Ying Lin
Year: 1985
Movement: Site Specific
Info: changed what memorials looked like, engages the visitor, used natural landscape, created a scar in the landscape and used deep black granite, starts short, gets tall, then gets short again,

has all the names inscribed on it of all the Americans that lost their lives.

Directly addressing actual individual people who gave their lives

Hierarchy of rank is removed.

Empathy for others

Title: Turbulent
Artist: Shirin Neshat
Year: 1995
Movement: Video Art
Info: Two channel videos, when played in the gallery are facing each other. Man singing on one side with men in the audience, a woman singing on the other side with no audience, nobody listens to the woman's emotions, just vocalization because women cannot sing in public in iran. Man was singing love songs to other men be

Cannot go back to iran because of this- upset the government