Quiz 5 – Chapter 5, 6, + Pg 255-257

Audio + Lighting

Base Light

The overall illumination of the image.

Creative Light

Lighting that enhances mood and style, revealing shape and texture.

Incident Light

Light that comes directly from a source like the sun or a bulb.

Reflected Light

Light that has bounced off a material surface onto the image.

Contrast Ratio

The difference in light intensity, with human eye = 30:1 vs. video camera = 100:1.

Color Temperature

All lights involved in a shot must have the same color temperature.

Spots

Focused beam, bright, intense, and adjustable lighting.

Floods

Softer, more diffuse beam lighting, sometimes adjustable.

Broadlight

Box-shaped light used in field or studio settings.

Light Diffusion Devices

Tools that soften light and shadows, bouncing light off surfaces.

Barn Doors

Devices that control the direction of light, fitting onto a lighting unit.

3-Point Lighting

A lighting setup consisting of Key Light, Fill Light, and Backlight.

Key Light

Focused, tight beam light with a Vertical Angle of 45 and Horizontal Angle of 30-45.

Fill Light

Soft, diffused light of lower intensity, placed opposite the Key Light.

Backlight

Light that separates the subject from the background and highlights edges.

Background Lighting

Lighting that illuminates the background of a shot.

Inverse Square Law

As distance between subject and light increases, intensity of light decreases mathematically (same for sound).

Audio is considered the element of video production that provides __% of the information.

80%

Hertz

Cycles per second.

Main Frequency (Audio)

Fundamental

Secondary Frequency (Audio)

Overtones or harmonics

Amplitude

The volume of sound, measured in decibels.

DAW

Digital Audio Workstation (used for editing and altering sound units).

Three-to-One Rule

For every foot a talent is away from a mic, that mic should be at least three feet away from another mic to prevent phasing.

Balanced Cables

Cables that have a designated ground (XLR cables)

Microphone Pickups

1. Cardioid - only front

2. Hypercardioid - mostly front

3. Bi-Directional - two directions

4. Omni-Directional - all directions

SM-58

The microphone recognized as superior—has been for decades!

PZM

Pressure Zone Microphone.