Biology Midterm-Protein Synthesis

During the process of translation, ____ is "read" by ____ and ____ in the ribosome to make a protein.

mRNA; tRNA and rRNA

mRNA stands for ______________ ribonucleic acid

Messenger

Which of the following carries an codon?

C

Which of the following represents tRNA?

B

 

Which of the following represents rRNA?

A

Which of the following represents mRNA?

C

During the process of transcription, ____ is rewritten into ____.

DNA; mRNA

Which of the following carries an anticodon?

B

8 is pointing to…

tRNA

10 is pointing to…

Ribosome

9 is pointing to

Protein

7 is pointing to..

Translation

4 is pointing to…

Nucleus

6 and 11 are pointing to..

mRNA

2 is pointing to..

Cytoplasm

5 is pointing to..

Transcription

3 is pointing to…

DNA

1 is pointing to..

Cell Membrane

 

The first arrow between the blue and green molecules represents which of the following?

Transcription

The blue molecule represents which of the following?

DNA

 

The green molecule represents which of the following?

mRNA

 

The second arrow between the green and red molecules represents which of the following?

Translation

The red molecules represents which of the following?

Protein

 

A strand of DNA reads "TAC-ACC-TAG-GCG-ATC". 

(A) Transcribe this sequence into mRNA. Be sure to put a dash (-) between each codon! 

(B) List the sequence of amino acids that will be in the protein created from this strand of mRNA. Be sure to put a dash (-) between each amino acid.

A) AUG-UGG-AUC-CGC-UAG. B) Met-Trp-Ile-Arg-Stop

 

An original sequence and mutated sequence of DNA are shown below.

(A) Identify the mutation as a substitution or frameshift. Explain your selection!

(B) READ EACH OF THE FOLLOWING OPTIONS CAREFULLY BEFORE PROCEEDING.

IF YOU CHOSE SUBSTITUTION in part A above, now identify the mutation as a silent, missense, or nonsense mutation and explain your selection.

IF YOU CHOSE FRAMESHIFT in part A above, now identify the mutation as an insertion or deletion and explain your selection.

A. This is a frameshift mutation because all amino acids following the mutation have changed. B. This is an insertion. An additional "C" was added to the mutated DNA sequence, causing all other bases to be shifted towards the right, affecting all codons to follow.

Which protein exists in human blood and assists in the transport of oxygen throughout the body?

Hemoglobin

Which protein is an enzyme found in saliva that speeds up the digestion of food?

Amylase

Which protein is a hormone secreted into the bloodstream by the liver to help regulate blood sugar levels?

Glucagon

Which protein is a hormone secreted into the bloodstream by the pancreas to help lower blood sugar levels after food is eaten?

Insulin