Physical Education Lecture Notes Review

Flashcards covering key vocabulary and concepts from a Physical Education lecture, focusing on basketball, the skeletal and muscular systems, digestion, fitness components, circulatory system, soccer, PE history, and track and field.

NBA Basketball Court Dimensions

94 feet long and 50 feet wide

Free throw line distance

15 ft from the backboard

Three-point line

Worth 3 points in basketball

Basketball Hoop Height

10 feet high

Backboard

Behind the hoop, helps rebound shots

Basketball Fouls

Illegal physical contact (pushing, hitting)

Basketball Violations

Traveling, double dribble, shot clock

Skeletal System Function: Support

Holds your body up

Skeletal System Function: Protection

Shields organs (e.g., skull protects brain)

Skeletal System Function: Movement

Bones work with muscles

Skeletal System Function: Blood Cell Production

Made in bone marrow

Example of a Long Bone

Femur

Example of Short Bones

Wrist Bones

Example of Flat Bones

Skull

Example of Irregular Bones

Vertebrae

Example of Sesamoid Bones

Patella

Cranium

Skull

Sternum

Chest bone

Vertebrae

Spine

Femur

Thigh

Patella

Kneecap

Skeletal Muscles

Voluntary, moves bones (e.g., biceps)

Smooth Muscles

In organs (e.g., stomach, intestines)

Cardiac Muscles

Only in the heart

Muscular System Function

Movement of body parts

Muscular System Function

Maintain posture and body temperature

Muscular System Function

Help with digestion and circulation (involuntary)

Deltoids

Shoulders

Biceps

Front of upper arm

Triceps

Back of upper arm

Quadriceps

Front thigh

Hamstrings

Back thigh

Pectorals

Chest

Ingestion Definition

Taking in food (mouth)

Digestion Definition

Breaking down food (stomach, enzymes)

Absorption Definition

Nutrients go into the blood (small intestine)

Elimination Definition

Waste exits body (large intestine)

Mouth Function

Chews and mixes with saliva

Esophagus Function

Moves food to stomach

Stomach Function

Breaks food into liquid

Small Intestine Function

Absorbs nutrients

Large Intestine Function

Absorbs water, forms waste

Cardiovascular Endurance Definition

Heart and lungs work over time (e.g., running)

Muscular Strength Definition

Max force (e.g., lifting heavy weight)

Muscular Endurance Definition

Repeated effort (e.g., many push-ups)

Flexibility Definition

Range of motion in joints (e.g., stretching)

Body Composition Definition

Ratio of fat to lean mass

Circulatory System Main Job

Delivers oxygen and nutrients, removes waste

Heart Function

Pumps blood - 4 chambers: left/right atrium & ventricle

Arteries Function

Carry oxygen-rich blood away from heart

Veins Function

Bring blood back to heart

Capillaries Function

Tiny vessels that connect arteries and veins

Football Origins

Similar ball games played in ancient times (China, Greece)

Evolution of Soccer

Rules standardized (e.g., offside, no hands)

Gear improved for Soccer

Lighter balls, shin guards, cleats

Worldwide Growth of Soccer

FIFA World Cup (started 1930) = most watched

Big leagues in Soccer

Premier League, La Liga, etc.

Ancient Greece Physical Education

Trained for Olympics; valued physical and mental strength

Ancient Rome Physical Education

Focused on military fitness

Modern PE in 1800s-1900s

PE included in schools

Modern PE Focus

Focus on fitness, team sports, health

Physical Education Today

Emphasis on lifelong fitness

Physical Education Today

Teaching about nutrition, mental health, and well-being

Running Events in Track and Field

Sprints (100-400m), middle-distance (800-1200m), long-distance (1500m+), relays (4x100m)

Hurdles in Track and Field

Jump over barriers while running

Jumps in Track and Field

Long jump, high jump

Form Technique

Good posture and movement

Pacing Technique

Energy control in longer races

Strategy Technique

Passing baton, timing starts, breathing control

Benefits of Track and Field

Builds cardiovascular health, speed, agility, and strength

Long Jump Approach

The athlete runs fast in a straight line to build speed

Long Jump Take-off

The athlete pushes off strongly from the take-off board with one foot to launch into the air

Long Jump Flight

The athlete moves through the air - trying to stay balanced and cover as much distance as possible

Long Jump Landing

The athlete lands in the sand pit, usually with feet forward, trying not to fall backward