KINE 101 Final Review

This contains information that is relevant to the study guide provided by the instructor. Going over books and notes will be helpful in fully understanding the content.

Embryonic Period 1820s–1900s

Scholars such as Joan Paul recognized the value of various sports and physical activities, but no central mission was made. Various philosophies competed, creating a lack of organization. Social, political, and cultural factors influenced how highly valued physical activity was or wasn't. Many private colleges had classes for physical education, instructors often being physicians.

Profession of Physical Education, 1900s–1960s

PE began to include nutrition and hygiene with its principles. Valued play and sports, less so tradition. “Physical education” became a term, and many faculty dedicated time to teaching motor skills and planning curriculum. War (WW2) offered opportunities to study physical fitness and highlight its importance. Youth were unhealthy, and the death of Pres. Eisenhower via heart attack prompted attention to the benefits of exercise.

Academic Discipline of Physical Education, 1960s–1980s

Fostered specialization within PE. Members formed their own organizations, and published their own journals and courses. Greater respect was gained for the field, but the move devalued the importance of PE teachers and coaches. Fragmentation resulted from disciplinary specialization, subdomains acting too independently.

Kinesiology as a Unifying Title 1990s–Present

Kinesiology known as a discipline consisting of numerous sub-disciplines. Meant to encourage the study of applying art and science of human movement to its members who have contributed to it.

Sports Psychology

The study of the psychological factors that come into play before, during, and after sport performance situations and the application of that knowledge.

Sports Nutrition

Merges nutrition and sports science research, resulting in nutrition guidelines for optimal training, performance, and recovery from exercise.

Biomechanics

Application of the methods of mechanics to the study of the structure and function of biological systems

Adapted Physical Activity

Field of study focusing on physical activity modified for people with special needs in order to promote health and active lifestyles

Motor Development

Study of the change of performance over time, including growth and development factors as well as practice.

Exercise and Sport Physiology

(2 sub-disciplines) The study of how the body responds and adapts to physical stress, and the application of exercise physiology principles to guide training and enhance sport performance

Sociology of Sport and Exercise

Academic study of sport as a social phenomenon