chemistry

How do you go from grams to moles?

Divide grams by the molar mass

How do you go from Grams to moles ?

Multiply moles by molar mass

Where does the mole to mole ratio come from?

Balanced equations

What is a significant figure?

The decimal point you found to from given values

Whats the difference between actual and theoretical yield?

Actual yeild is formed during reactions, theoretical is formed during calculations

- Precipitation Reaction

Are Electrolytes charged?

yes ( salt water )

molarity solution Formula

Molarity ( M ) = Moles of solute ÷ liters of Solution

molecular chemical equation

A balanced chemical equation that shows the complete details of the reactants and products involved in a chemical reaction, including their molecular forms. (Aq)(S)(L)(G)

Where does the mole to mole ratio come from?

Balanced chemical equations

What is a significant figure?

Measured digits that represent the precision of a value based on given data

Difference between actual and theoretical yield?

Actual yield is measured from an experiment; theoretical yield is predicted via calculation

Precipitation Reaction

A chemical reaction where an insoluble solid forms and separates from a liquid solution

Molecular chemical equation

Balanced equation showing chemical species in molecular form with states (aq, s, l, g)

Complete ionic equation

Shows all present ions in solutions during a chemical reaction including spectator ions

Spectator ions

ions that appear on both sides of the reaction

Net ionic equation

a chemical equation without the spectator ions

Electromagnetic radiation

Radient light energy(Light) that shows wave-length like behaviors

What is the speed of light ?

2.998 X 10⁸ or 3.00 X 10⁸ (M s^-1)

What indicates the color of a wavelength?

Concentrated solution + solvent = ?

Dilute solution

initial solution variables are

Mi , Vi

Final solution variables are

M_f, V_f

Can Wavelength and frequency be interconverted?

Yes

v=c/(m)

Velocity s^-1 = Constant divided by wave length

Einstein energy and mass eqution

E=Mc²

What is planks constant represented as?

H

What is planks constant?

6.626 X 10^-34 J-S

Atomic spectrum of hydrogen

A series of discrete lines (line spectrum) emitted at specific wavelengths when an excited electron falls to a lower energy state

Bohr’s theory of the atom

A model proposed by Niels Bohr which explains how electrons are arranged in an atom.

Ground state

The lowest energy level of an electron in an atom.

Excited state

A higher energy level reached when an electron absorbs energy.

Can the quantum number N=0

No only 1-4

When the atoms leave the excited state what is that called?

a transition

N is…….

1,2,3,4

N determines the…

size and energy level

If n is 1, L is….

L=0

if N=2, L=….

If N= 3, L=

If L=0, is it (spdf)

S

If L=1, is it (spdf)

If L=2, is it (sdpf)

D

If L=3, is it (sdpf)

F

If L=0, What is M₁?

0

If L= 1, What is M₁?

-1,0,+1

If L=2, What is M₁?

-2,-1,0,+1,+2

L=3, What is M₁?

-3,-3,-1,0,+1,+2,+3

3 D orbital comes in a set of..

5

P orbital comes in a set of

3

4F comes in a set of…..

7

are transition metals reactive?

no

Paulie exclusion principal

no electron can have the same four quantum numbers, and must have two different directions of orbit

Node

zero probability of finding a electron

inner electrons are called?

core electrons

_Ephoton

HC divided by wavelength (m)

_mPhoton

H divided by Wavlenght(constant)

1 nanometer is equal to

10^-9

What changes how we see color

The length of the wave

What are the main colors ?

Red, Orange, Yellow, Purple, Blue

What determines the brightness of light?

amplitude: how stretched or compressed it is

What determines the amount of wave crest?

Frequency

Wavelength and frequency are interchangeable

True

Examples of high frequency waves

1. gamma rays

2. x rays

3. ultra violet rays

Examples of low frequency

1. infared

2. microwave

3. radio waves

RED=

750

ORANGE=

650

BLUE=

450

VIOLET=

400

1Hz=

S^-1