APUSH 7.0 Notes

Spanish-American War

A war between the U.S. and Spain over Cuban independence; resulted in U.S. acquiring Guam, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines.

Teller Amendment

Stated that the U.S. would not annex Cuba after winning the war.

Platt Amendment

Allowed U.S. intervention in Cuba and established Guantanamo Bay.

Treaty of Paris

Ended the Spanish-American War; Spain gave up Cuba, Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines to the U.S.

Rough Riders

A volunteer cavalry unit led by Theodore Roosevelt that won the Battle of San Juan Hill.

Yellow Journalism

Sensationalized and exaggerated news stories that fueled support for war with Spain.

USS Maine

U.S. battleship that exploded in Havana Harbor, sparking the Spanish-American War.

Anti-Imperialist League

A group that opposed U.S. expansion, believing it violated American democratic ideals.

Philippine Insurrection

A war fought by Filipinos against U.S. rule after Spain ceded the Philippines to America.

Guerrilla Warfare

A form of irregular warfare using ambushes and hit-and-run tactics, used by Filipino rebels.

Open Door Policy

U.S. policy ensuring equal trade access in China and preventing European monopoly.

Boxer Rebellion

Anti-foreigner uprising in China, crushed by an international force including U.S. troops.

Big Stick Diplomacy

Theodore Roosevelt’s foreign policy of negotiating peacefully while maintaining a strong military presence.

Roosevelt Corollary

An extension of the Monroe Doctrine, stating that the U.S. could intervene in Latin America to prevent European interference.

Monroe Doctrine

U.S. policy warning European powers not to interfere in the Western Hemisphere.

Great White Fleet

A fleet of U.S. battleships sent around the world by Roosevelt to demonstrate U.S. naval power.

Russo-Japanese War

A war between Russia and Japan over control of Manchuria and Korea; Roosevelt brokered the Treaty of Portsmouth.

Treaty of Portsmouth

The peace treaty ending the Russo-Japanese War, negotiated by Theodore Roosevelt.

Panama Canal

A man-made waterway connecting the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, built by the U.S.

Hay-Pauncefote Treaty

Agreement between the U.S. and Britain allowing the U.S. to build and control the Panama Canal.

Hay-Bunau-Varilla Treaty

Gave the U.S. control over the Panama Canal Zone in exchange for financial compensation to Panama. $10 million and annual payments.

Clayton-Bulwer Treaty

Agreement between the U.S. and Britain stating that neither would build a canal without the other’s consent.

Dollar Diplomacy

President Taft’s policy of using economic investment rather than military force to influence Latin America.

Gentlemen’s Agreement

Agreement between the U.S. and Japan where Japan limited emigration to the U.S. in exchange for fair treatment of Japanese Americans.

Root-Takahira Agreement

U.S. and Japan agreed to respect each other’s Pacific possessions and uphold the Open Door Policy in China.

Yellow Peril

A racist belief that Asian immigrants posed a threat to Western civilization and jobs.