Chapter 2: One-Dimensional Kinematics

What are derived units?

Units formed by combining base units through multiplication or division.

What is the unit for area?

Square meters (m²).

What is the volume of an object measured in?

Cubic meters (m³).

How is density defined?

Mass per unit volume, measured in kilograms per cubic meter (kg/m³).

What is velocity?

Distance per unit time, measured in meters per second (m/s).

What is force defined as?

Mass times acceleration, expressed in Newtons (N) or kg·m/s².

How can you determine the density of a solid?

Density is determined by mass divided by volume.

What are standardized units?

Universally accepted and defined units of measurement.

What is the SI unit of length?

Meter (m).

What is the SI unit of mass?

Kilogram (kg).

What is the SI unit of time?

Second (s).

What is the significance of significant figures?

Digits known with certainty plus one uncertain digit in a measurement.

What defines precision?

Reproducibility; how close a series of measurements are to one another.

What is accuracy?

How close the measured value is to the actual value.

Which numbers are considered significant?

All non-zero digits, interior zeroes, and trailing zeroes.

Which numbers are not significant?

Leading zeroes and ambiguous numbers.

What does kinematics deal with?

The mathematical description of the motion of objects.

What is the difference between scalar and vector quantities?

Scalar quantities have magnitude only; vector quantities have both magnitude and direction.

What is distance?

The path length traveled from one location to another.

What is average speed?

Distance traveled divided by the elapsed time.

What is instantaneous speed?

The speed measured over a very short time span.

What is the definition of velocity?

Speed with a direction and magnitude.

What is the formula for average velocity?

Average velocity = displacement divided by elapsed time.

What is acceleration?

The rate at which velocity changes.

What is the kinematic equation for final position?

Xf = Xi + ViT + 1/2at².

What is the kinematic equation for final velocity?

Vf = Vi + at.

What is the equation for constant acceleration during free fall for final velocity?

Vf = Vi - gt.

What is the equation for final position during free fall?

Yf = Yi + VoT - 1/2gt².