Chapter 20: Cancer

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Cancer

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A complex and diverse group of diseases characterized by the abnormal growth and division of cells.

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Metastasis

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The process by which cancer cells invade nearby tissues and spread to other parts of the body.

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22 Terms

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Cancer

A complex and diverse group of diseases characterized by the abnormal growth and division of cells.

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Metastasis

The process by which cancer cells invade nearby tissues and spread to other parts of the body.

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Carcinomas

Cancers that develop in epithelial tissues, which are the tissues that line the surfaces and cavities of organs.

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Sarcomas

Cancers that arise from connective tissues, including bone, muscle, cartilage, and fat.

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Leukemias

Cancers that affect the blood and bone marrow, resulting in abnormal production of white blood cells.

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Lymphomas

Cancers that begin in the lymphatic system, which includes lymph nodes, spleen, and bone marrow.

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Benign Tumors

Non-cancerous tumors that do not invade nearby tissues or spread to other parts of the body.

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Malignant Tumors

Cancerous tumors that have the potential to invade nearby tissues and spread to other parts of the body.

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Oncogenes

Genes that, when mutated or overexpressed, promote cell growth and division.

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Tumor Suppressor Genes

Genes that regulate cell growth and division and prevent the formation of tumors.

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DNA Repair Genes

Genes involved in maintaining the integrity of the genome by repairing DNA damage.

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Epigenetic Regulators

Genes that control gene expression patterns without altering the DNA sequence.

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Signaling Pathway Genes

Genes involved in crucial signaling pathways that can be critical drivers of cancer.

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Angiogenesis Genes

Genes involved in the formation of new blood vessels, which are essential for tumor growth and metastasis.

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Cancer Prevention

Strategies and measures to reduce the risk of developing cancer.

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Cancer Treatment

Various approaches and therapies used to treat cancer.

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Oncogenes

Oncogenes are genes that, when mutated or overexpressed, promote cell growth and division.

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Tumor suppressor genes

Tumor suppressor genes regulate cell growth and division and prevent the formation of tumors.

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DNA Repair genes

DNA repair genes are involved in maintaining the integrity of the genome.

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Epigenetic regulators

Epigenetic regulators control gene expression patterns without altering the DNA sequence.

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Signaling Pathway Genes

Genes involved in crucial signaling pathways, such as the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, Wnt/β-catenin pathway, and MAPK pathway, can be critical drivers of cancer.

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Angiogenesis

Angiogenesis genes are involved in the formation of new blood vessels, which are essential for tumor growth and metastasis.