Lecture Notes on ACE-V and Biometrics, Arson, and Explosives

These flashcards cover key vocabulary and concepts related to ACE-V and biometrics, arson investigations, and explosive materials.

ACE-V

An acronym that describes the method of comparing and identifying friction ridge impressions.

Comparison

The step in ACE-V where discrepancies or agreements between two impressions are analyzed.

Biometrics

Automated methods to identify or recognize a person based on distinguishable features.

Enrollment Process

The collection and storing of known biometric data in an internal database for future comparisons.

Data Capture & Preprocessing

The initial step in biometric systems where features are recorded and prepared for analysis.

Deflagration

A low explosive reaction characterized by a fast oxidation process and low intensity pressure waves.

Detonation

A high explosive reaction that occurs instantaneously with intense shock waves.

Ignition Temperature

The minimum temperature required to ignite a substance and initiate combustion.

Flash Point

The lowest temperature at which a liquid can vaporize to form an ignitable mixture with air.

Exothermic Reaction

A chemical reaction that releases more energy than it absorbs.

Pyrolysis

The process of heating a solid substance to turn it into a gas.

Glowing Combustion

Combustion without a flame, typically occurring on the surface of solid materials.

Oxidizing Agent

A chemical that provides oxygen necessary for combustion and explosive reactions.

Ion Mobility Spectrometer

An instrument used to detect explosive residues by measuring the movement of ions through an electric field.

Biometric Identification

The process of distinguishing between subjects by comparing biometric traits against a database.

Principal Component Analysis (PCA)

A statistical method used for facial recognition that overlays stored images with a question image to find similarities.

Elastic Bunch Graph Matching (EBGM)

A model-based technique that maps facial features and compares characteristics between images.