The making of a Superpower USA - Foreign Policy (1920-1933)

Why did the US become isolationist again?

“Return to normalcy” after involvement in WW1

What were the US’ aims after WW1?

Avoid conflict / communism, maintain navy, protect Open Door policy + interests in Latin America

Why did the US want to maintain its navy?

Fear of Japanese expansionist policies

Why is the 1922 Fordney-McCumber tariff significant?

Highest rate of tariffs introduced

What did the 1921 Knox Porter resolution do?

Allowed US to sign ToV without joining the League of Nations

When was the Washington conference held + who attended?

1922 + Britain, Japan, France and Italy

What was agreed at the 1922 Washington conference?

1st arms limitation + maintaining Open Door policy

What ratio were the battleships tonnage reduced to for 10 years?

5 (US): 3 (Japan): 1.75(Italy + France)

What did the Washington conference not limit?

Any other army supplies (e.g, planes)

What limited the Washington conference?

No way to enforce it, Japan ignored it + invaded China

When was the Kellogg-Briand pact signed?

1928

What limits the Kellogg-Briand pact?

Could not enforce sanctions on the 15 countries involved + US would only intervene if interests threatened

What dud the 1924 Dawes plan do?

Re-stabilised Germany’s economy with 800 million marks + shut down communist uprisings from sparticists

What motivated the US’ policies within Europe?

Economic factors, Germany paid reparations to Britain and France who repayed loans to US

When was the Young plan?

1929

How much were the US’ investments in Latin America increased by?

Doubled from the years 1924 - 1929 to $3 billion