Anatomy & Physiology Lab Quiz 1 Review

EX 1-5

What is an organelle (chemical level)?

Specialized structures within cells that perform distinct biochemical functions

What is a cell (cellular level)?

The basic living units of all organisms, capable of independent function

What is a tissue (tissue level)?

Groups of similar cells working together to perform a specific activity

What is an organ (organ level)?

A structure composed of two or more tissue types that carry out particular functions

What is a system (organ system level)?

A group of organs that cooperate to perform major body functions

What is an organism (organismal level)?

A complete, living individual made up of all the body’s systems

What is the sagittal plane?

Vertical plane dividing the body into right and left parts

What is the median (midsagittal) plane?

The sagittal plane that runs exactly down the midline

What is the parasagittal plane?

Any sagittal plane offset from the midline

What is the coronal (frontal) plane?

A vertical plane dividing the body into anterior (front) and posterior (back) parts

What is the transverse (horizontal) plane?

A horizontal plane dividing the body into superior (upper) and inferior (lower) parts

What is a longitudinal section?

Any slice cut along the long axis of an organ

What is a sagittal section?

Slice made along a sagittal plane

What is a coronal section?

Slice made along a coronal plane

What is a transverse (cross) section?

Slice made along a transverse plane

What is an oblique section?

Slice made at an angle other than 90° to the long axis

What does “superior (cranial)” mean?

Toward the head end or upper part of a structure

What does “inferior (caudal)” mean?

Away from the head

toward the lower part of a structure

What does “anterior (ventral)” mean?

Front of the body or nearer to the front

What does “posterior (dorsal)” mean?

Back of the body or nearer to the back

What does “medial” mean?

Toward the midline of the body

What does “lateral” mean?

Away from the midline of the body

What does “intermediate” mean?

Between two structures

What does “proximal” mean?

Closer to the point of attachment or origin

What does “distal” mean?

Farther from the point of attachment or origin

What does “superficial (external)” mean?

Toward or on the surface of the body

What does “deep (internal)” mean?

Away from the surface

more internal

What does “parietal” mean?

Pertaining to the wall of a body cavity

What does “visceral” mean?

Pertaining to the covering of an organ within a cavity

What does “ipsilateral” mean?

On the same side of the body as another structure

What does “contralateral” mean?

On the opposite side of the body from another structure

What is the frontal (forehead) region?

Region of the forehead

What is the cephalic (head) region?

Entire head region

What is the cranial (skull) region?

Bony skull

What is the facial (face) region?

Front of the head including eyes, nose, mouth

What is the orbital (ocular) region?

Eye socket region

What is the otic (ear) region?

Ear region

What is the nasal (nose) region?

Nose region

What is the buccal (cheek) region?

Cheek region

What is the oral (mouth) region?

Mouth region

What is the mental (chin) region?

Chin region

What is the axillary (armpit) region?

Underarm region

What is the brachial (arm) region?

Upper arm region

What is the antecubital (front of elbow) region?

Front of elbow area

What is the antebrachial (forearm) region?

Forearm region

What is the carpal (wrist) region?

Wrist area

What is the palmar (palm) region?

Palm of the hand

What is the pollex (thumb) region?

Thumb region

What is the manual (hand) region?

Entire hand region

What is the thoracic (chest) region?

Chest cavity region

What is the mammary (breast) region?

Breast area

What is the pectoral (male chest) region?

Male breast/chest area

What is the sternal (breastbone) region?

Sternum region

What is the abdominal (abdomen) region?

Belly region

What is the umbilical (navel) region?

Belly button region

What is the pelvic (pelvis) region?

Hip region

What is the inguinal (groin) region?

Groin crease region

What is the pubic (genitals) region?

Genital region

What is the dorsal (back) region?

Entire back region

What is the scapular (shoulder blade) region?

Shoulder blade area

What is the vertebral (backbone) region?

Spine region

What is the lumbar (lower back) region?

Small of the back

What is the sacral (sacrum) region?

Between hips at base of spine

What is the gluteal (buttocks) region?

Buttock region

What is the popliteal (back of knee) region?

Back of knee

What is the sural (calf) region?

Calf region

What is the calcaneal (heel) region?

Heel of the foot

What is the plantar (sole) region?

Sole of the foot

What is the hallux (great toe) region?

Big toe region

What is the pedal (foot) region?

Entire foot

What is the femoral (thigh) region?

Thigh region

What is the patellar (kneecap) region?

Front of knee

What is the dorsal (posterior) cavity?

Contains the cranial and spinal cavities

What is the cranial cavity?

Houses the brain

What is the spinal (vertebral) cavity?

Houses the spinal cord

What is the ventral (anterior) cavity?

Contains thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities

What is the thoracic cavity?

Chest cavity above the diaphragm

What are the pleural cavities?

Each surrounds one lung

What is the pericardial cavity?

Surrounds the heart

What is the mediastinum?

Central compartment between lungs containing heart and trachea

What is the abdominopelvic cavity?

Contains abdominal and pelvic cavities

What is the abdominal cavity?

Houses digestive organs

What is the pelvic cavity?

Houses bladder and reproductive organs

What is the pericardium?

Parietal layer lines the cavity, visceral layer covers the heart

What is the pleura?

Parietal layer lines rib cage, visceral layer covers lungs

What is the peritoneum?

Parietal layer lines cavity, mesentery supports intestines, visceral layer covers organs

What is the right hypochondriac region?

Upper right region beneath ribs

What is the epigastric region?

Central upper region above stomach

What is the left hypochondriac region?

Upper left region beneath ribs

What is the right lumbar region?

Middle right region

What is the umbilical region?

Central region around navel

What is the left lumbar region?

Middle left region

What is the right inguinal region?

Lower right region

What is the hypogastric (pubic) region?

Central lower region

What is the left inguinal region?

Lower left region

What is RUQ?

Right upper quadrant

What is LUQ?

Left upper quadrant

What is RLQ?

Right lower quadrant