Transport in Flowering Plants

Xylem

Long narrow cylindrical vessels found in plants that transport water and minerals through the plant.

Phloem

Living cells arranged end to end that transport sugars, amino acids, and fats from sources to sinks in a process called translocation.

Capillarity

The upward movement of water in narrow spaces, such as the xylem vessels, due to strong adhesive and cohesive forces of water molecules.

Transpiration

The loss of water from the leaves through stomata, creating a pulling force that aids in the upward movement of water in the xylem.

Factors affecting transpiration

A factor affecting Transpiration

Higher temperatures increase the rate of transpiration.

A factor affecting Transpiration

Lower humidity increases the rate of transpiration.

A factor affecting Transpiration

Wind can increase transpiration by removing the layer of humid air around the leaves.

A factor affecting Transpiration

Light stimulates the opening of stomata, allowing more water to escape from the leaves.

Translocation

The process by which sugars, amino acids, and fats are transported from sources to sinks in the phloem vessels.

Vascular bundles

Groups of xylem and phloem tissues found in plants, with their positions varying in different parts of the plant.

Root

Xylem vessels in the root are positioned in the center to withstand forces, while the phloem is usually found closer to the lower surface.

Stem

The vascular bundles in the stem are arranged near the edge, with the phloem on the outside and the xylem on the inside, to withstand compression and bending forces.