H Physics: Forces on charged particles (P&W)

Electric field

A place where there is a force on a charge

How does proximity of field lines correlate to strength of force

The closer the field lines the stronger the force

Radial field

* The strength of the field decreases as you move further from the charge

Uniform electric field

* Field lines are equally spaced between parallel plates
* The field strength between the plates is constant

uniform electric field energy

* If the charge moves with the field it has kinetic energy
* If the charge moves against the field it stores electrical potential energy

Charge moving parallel to plates

Within plates the charge follows parabolic motion, straight line after

Voltage/potential difference

If 1 joule of work is done moving 1 coulomb of charge between 2 points in an electric field, the p.d. between the 2 points is 1 volt

volts in joule per coulomb

1 volt = 1 joule per coulomb

What does a moving charge produce

A magnetic field

Where does a magnetic field exist

Around a current carrying wire

When does a current carrying wire experience a force?

A current carrying wire experiences a force when the wire is in a magnetic field

Acceleration by electric fields

* Work is done by electric fields to convert electric energy into kinetic energy of the particle
* This is done using an array where it travels through lots of electric fields between the negative and positive areas of tube

Deflection by magnetic fields

* Magnetic quadrupoles are used to direct the particles
* Magnetic fields are created both horizontally and vertically so they have control in multiple directions

High-energy collisions of charged particles to produce other particles

* Protons are sent in opposite directions through the beam tube whilst they accelerate to almost c
* They are then diverted and allowed to meet in a detector
* The greater the energy the more particles we can detect