Functions of Carbohydrates

Carbohydrates are biomolecules made out of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a __________ ratio.

1:2:1

Plants build their cell walls with a complex carbohydrate called __________.

cellulose

Animals such as arthropods build their exoskeletons with a complex carbohydrate called __________.

chitin

Carbohydrates serve as __________ for the nervous system, preventing protein from being metabolized through gluconeogenesis.

fuel

Carbohydrates are metabolic primers because they are needed to completely burn __________.

fat

The primary fuel for the CNS is __________.

carbohydrates

Acute carbohydrate depletion may cause symptoms such as __________, nausea, and irritability.

tunnel vision

Fibers are usually found in __________, vegetables, nuts, and grains.

fruits

Dietary fiber protects against __________ cancer.

colon

The general formula for sugars is __________.

(CH2O)n

An aldose is a sugar containing an __________ group.

aldehyde

A ketose is a sugar containing a __________ group.

ketone

The prefix "tri, tetr, pent, hex" indicates the __________ of carbons.

number