Lecture 17 - Rabies I

Lyssavirus

What genus includes the Rabies virus?

Rhabdoviridae

Which family includes Lyssaviruses, including the Rabies virus?

Compendium

What document provides recommendations for rabies prevention and control programs, but is not a law itself? It is used by state jurisdictions to standardize procedures and targets animal control officers, vets, physicians, and PH officials.

No

Do rabbits, possums, squirrels, hamsters, rates, and mice often get rabies?

No

Can birds, reptiles, and fish get rabies?

Dogs

Other than in the US, rabies is typically maintained in which animals? This variant circulates due to lack of proper implementation of vaccine programs. This was eliminated in the US by the 1970s, but these animals can still get it from other species.

Yes

In the US, are variants of rabies compartmentalized by geographic regions, including by mammalian reservoir hosts sustaining intra-species transmission?

No

Are terrestrial rabies variant cycles maintained in domestic animals?

Terrestrial

Which rabies variants are maintained in reservoir hosts that live on land? These can include raccoon, skunk, fox, and mongoose variants.

Non-terrestrial

Which rabies variants are maintained in bat reservoir hosts?

Encephalitis

If what clinical sign is suspected, rabies should always be considered?

Cats

Which animals in the US are most likely, among domestic species, to be positive for rabies?

Yes

Do current rabies vaccines protect against all strains of the virus?

Spillover

What term refers to the transmission of infection from the reservoir host to another animal? It is sporadic and doesn’t usually initiate sustained transmission between species. The bat-skunk/fox event in Arizona did maintain transmission, however.

Raccoon

Which wild animal poses the biggest risk for human rabies exposure?

V-RG

What rabies glycoprotein is used in oral vaccines given to control rabies in raccoons in the eastern US? It is not effective in skunks. This is done to prevent western spread.

Raboral

Which older oral rabies vaccine was a living vaccinia virus with a rabies glycoprotein gene inserted? It was used in fishmeal and is not used anymore as it is pathogenic to immunocompromised people who come into contact with it in the wild.

ONRAB

Which modern oral rabies vaccine uses V-RG inserted into a live adenovirus, and replaced the Raboral V-RG vaccine? It cannot cause rabies.

Mongoose

What animal makes up most reported rabies cases reported in Grenada, Puerto Rico, Cuba, and the Dominican Republic?