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Last updated 10:19 AM on 4/12/26
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22 Terms

1
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Ecumenism

Def: The effort to promote unity and cooperation among different religious groups

Context: The movement toward ecumenism aimed to reduce division between Christian denominations.

Pronunciation: ih-KYOO-muh-niz-um

Synonyms: unity, reconciliation

2
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Ignominy

Def: public shame or disgrace

Context: The punishment marked him with lasting ignominy.

Pronunciation: IG-nuh-min-ee

Synonyms: disgrace, humiliation

3
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Odious

Def: extremely unpleasant; deserving hatred

Context: He viewed the task as odious but necessary.

Pronunciation: OH-dee-uhs

Synonyms: detestable, vile

4
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Dandified

Definition: overly concerned with appearance; excessively refined in dress

Context: The dandified man stood out among the crowd.

Pronunciation: DAN-duh-fyd

Synonyms: foppish, flashy

5
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Fortuitously

Definition: happening by chance, often luckily

Context: He fortuitously discovered the journal.

Pronunciation: for-TOO-ih-tuhs-lee

Synonyms: accidentally, luckily

6
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Capricious

Definition: unpredictable; prone to sudden changes

Context: The ruler’s capricious decisions caused instability.

Pronunciation: kuh-PRISH-uhs

Synonyms: impulsive, erratic

7
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Appellations

Definition: names or titles given to someone or something

Context: Different appellations were used for social classes.

Pronunciation: ap-uh-LAY-shunz

Synonyms: names, labels

8
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Recalcitrant

Definition: stubbornly resistant to authority

Context: The recalcitrant prisoner refused to comply.

Pronunciation: rih-KAL-sih-trunt

Synonyms: defiant, uncooperative

9
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Atavistic

Definition: relating to ancient or primitive traits

Context: The violence felt atavistic in nature.

Pronunciation: at-uh-VIS-tik

Synonyms: primitive, ancestral

10
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Brusquely

Definition: in a blunt or abrupt manner

Context: He responded brusquely, ending the conversation.

Pronunciation: BRUSK-lee

Synonyms: curtly, abruptly

11
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Effrontery

Definition: shameless boldness or disrespect

Context: It was sheer effrontery to question authority.

Pronunciation: ih-FRUN-tuh-ree

Synonyms: audacity, nerve

12
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Assiduously

Definition: with great diligence and care

Context: He assiduously recorded every detail.

Pronunciation: uh-SIJ-oo-uhs-lee

Synonyms: diligently, tirelessly

13
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Perfidy

Definition: betrayal of trust; treachery

Context: The act was seen as perfidy against the state.

Pronunciation: PUR-fih-dee

Synonyms: betrayal, treachery

14
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Anachronistic

Definition: out of place in time; outdated

Context: His beliefs seemed anachronistic.

Pronunciation: uh-nak-ruh-NIS-tik

Synonyms: outdated, obsolete

15
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Fecund

Definition: intellectually productive; fertile

Context: It was a fecund period of new ideas.

Pronunciation: FEH-kund

Synonyms: productive, fertile

16
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Vociferously

Definition: in a loud and forceful way

Context: The crowd vociferously protested.

Pronunciation: voh-SIF-er-uhs-lee

Synonyms: loudly, vehemently

17
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Approbation

Definition: approval or praise

Context: His actions were met with public approbation.

Pronunciation: ap-ruh-BAY-shun

Synonyms: approval, endorsement

18
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Iniquitous

Definition: morally unjust; wicked

Context: The iniquitous laws punished the innocent.

Pronunciation: ih-NIK-wih-tuhs

Synonyms: unjust, immoral

19
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Vouchsafe

Definition: granted or given in a gracious or condescending manner

Context: He was vouchsafed a rare opportunity to speak.

Pronunciation: vowch-SAYF

Synonyms: granted, bestowed

20
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Countenance

Definition: (1) a person’s facial expression; (2) support or approval

Context: His countenance revealed no emotion during the trial.

Pronunciation: KOWN-tuh-nuhns

Synonyms: expression, demeanor / approval, support

21
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Obsequious

Definition: excessively obedient or eager to please

Context: The obsequious servant agreed with everything his master said.

Pronunciation: uhb-SEE-kwee-uhs

Synonyms: servile, fawning

22
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Vivacity

Definition: lively energy; enthusiasm and brightness of spirit

Context: Her vivacity stood in contrast to the rigid, controlled society around her.

Pronunciation: vuh-VAS-uh-tee

Synonyms: liveliness, vitality, exuberance