HR EXAM @

Maslow's Theory

A theory stating that until basic needs are met, a person will not strive to meet higher needs.

Two Factor Theory

A theory that proposes motivators account for individual motivation while hygiene factors relate to job dissatisfaction.

Motivators

Factors that can lead to higher levels of motivation, such as achievement, recognition, work itself, responsibility, and advancement.

Hygiene Factors

Factors that do not motivate but can cause dissatisfaction if not met, including interpersonal relations, company policy, supervision, salary, and working conditions.

Intangible Rewards

Non-material awards that do not have inherent financial value.

Turnover

The process in which employees leave an organization and need to be replaced.

Voluntary Turnover

When employees leave an organization by choice.

Involuntary Turnover

When employees are terminated due to poor performance, work rule violations, or layoffs.

Tangible Rewards

Concrete, visible forms of compensation or recognition provided to employees by employers.

Psychological Contract

Unwritten expectations employees and employers have regarding their work relationships.

Absenteeism

Any failure of an employee to report for work as scheduled.

Exit Interviews

Interviews conducted to understand the reasons individuals leave the organization.

Recruiting

The process of generating a pool of qualified applicants for job openings.

Recruiting Advertising

Utilizing various media for external recruiting, including newspapers, TV, radio, and online platforms.

Labor and Applicant Population

Labor refers to all individuals available for selection, while applicant is a subset of the labor force that is available for selection using a specific recruitment approach.

Employment Agency

An organization that helps match employers with suitable job candidates.

Professional Employment Organization

Organizations that provide HR management services including payroll and compliance.

Passive Job Seeker

Qualified individuals not actively looking for work but open to opportunities.

External Recruiting

Hiring employees from outside the organization.

Internal Recruiting

Promoting employees from within the organization.

Selection Criteria

Characteristics a person must possess to successfully perform job duties.

Predictors of Selection Criteria

Indicators that can be measured to assess selection criteria.

Person/Organizational Fit

The congruence between individuals and organizational factors.

Reliability

The consistency of a test or measure over time.

Validity

The extent to which a test measures what it is intended to measure.

Behavioral Interviews

Interviews where applicants provide specific examples of past performance.

Biographical Interviews

Interviews focusing on a chronological assessment of a candidate's past experiences.

Situational Interviews

Interviews asking how applicants would handle specific job situations.

Interview Problems/Biases

Issues like snap judgments and negative emphases that can affect interview outcomes.

Realistic Job Preview

A process where job applicants receive an accurate picture of what the job entails.

Right to Work

Laws allowing employees to work without joining a union.

At Will Employment

Doctrine allowing termination of employment by either party without cause, except for illegal reasons.

Training

The process of acquiring capabilities to perform jobs.

Types of Training

Includes legally required training, basic/remedial skills, job/technical training, and soft skills.

Law of Effects

Good behavior can lead to rewards, encouraging further good performance.

Behavioral Modeling

The process of copying someone else's behavior.

Active Practice

Performing job-related tasks during training.

Technology in Training Delivery

The use of web-based technology for online training.

The Five Main Drivers of Retention

Factors influencing retention include organizational factors, employee-supervisor relationships, job/work-life balance, rewards, and development opportunities.

The Four Classifications of Training

Includes legally required training, basic and remedial skills training, job and technical training, and soft skills training.

Big Five Personality Types

Personality traits including extroversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, neuroticism, and openness to experience, each with an adjective for high score.