American Revolution

When was the French and Indian war?

1754 - 1763

Or the mid 18th century

How much more land did U.S gain after the Treaty of Paris?

After the Treaty of Paris in 1783 Great britian gave land to the U.S causing it to nearly double in size

What caused the French and Indian war?

The war was caused by territorial disputes between France and Britain over control of land. Both European powers sought to expand their empires and secure resources, while Native American tribes were drawn into the conflict to protect their land and trade interests. Tensions also escalated due to longstanding rivalries between the two nations in Europe and their desire to control the fur trade in North America.

What was the French and Indian war?

The French and Indian War (1754-1763) was a conflict between Britain and France in North America, each supported by various Native American tribes. The war ended with the Treaty of Paris, where France ceded much of its territory to Britain, reshaping the North American landscape. his victory laid the groundwork for British dominance in the region but also led to tensions that contributed to the American Revolution due to the proclamation of 1763 that banned colonist from using the land they just won.

Who were the main four groups of people that would cause the American revolution? 

Great Britain, France, Native Americans, and the colonist (or patriots)

What was the Proclamation of 1763

The Proclamation of 1763 was issued by the British government to prevent colonial expansion beyond the Appalachian Mountains, reserving the western territories for Native American tribes. Its goal was to stabilize relations with Native Americans and avoid further costly conflicts, but it angered colonists who felt their westward expansion was being restricted.

Proclamation of ____

1763

Who won the French and Indian war?

Great Britain and the colonist.

How much land did the colonist gain after the French and Indian war?

None, due to the proclamation of 1763

What was the stamp act?

The Stamp Act of 1765 was a British law that required colonists to pay a tax on printed materials, such as newspapers and legal documents, by purchasing a special stamp, angering colonists and fueling protests against taxation without representation.

When was the stamp act?

1765 or the mid 18th century

When was the Boston massacre?

1770 or late 18th century

What was the Boston massacre?

The Boston Massacre occurred on March 5, 1770, when British soldiers opened fire on a crowd of colonists in Boston, killing five and injuring several others. It was a key event that heightened anti-British sentiment and fueled revolutionary fervor in the American colonies.

When was the Tea Act?

1773 or late 18th century

What was the Tea Act? 

The Tea Act of 1773 was a British law that granted the British East India Company a monopoly on tea sales in the American colonies, allowing it to sell surplus tea directly to the colonies at a reduced tax. The act was seen as an attempt to bypass colonial merchants and further enforce British control, leading to the Boston Tea Party as a direct protest by colonists.

When was the Boston Tea party?

1773 or late 18th century

What was the Boston Tea party?

The Boston Tea Party took place on December 16, 1773, when a group of colonial activists, disguised as Native Americans, boarded British ships in Boston Harbor and dumped 342 chests of tea into the water in protest of the Tea Act. This bold act of defiance escalated tensions between the colonies and Britain, leading to harsher British policies and the eventual outbreak of the American Revolution.

What was the First Continental Congress?

The First Continental Congress was a 1774 meeting of delegates from twelve colonies to coordinate a response to Britain's Coercive Acts and address colonial grievances. It resulted in a boycott of British goods and a petition to King George III, marking the start of unified colonial resistance.

When was the sugar act?

1764 or mid 18th century

What was the sugar act?

The Sugar Act of 1764 was a British law that aimed to raise revenue by taxing sugar, molasses, and other goods imported into the American colonies. It was part of a series of measures to assert control over colonial trade and was met with widespread resistance, contributing to the growing discontent that led to the American Revolution.

How much representation did colonist have in the government of Great Britain?

None, they had no representation despite the taxes and wars they went through.

The colonist were the group of people living in…

The 13 colonies

The British where the people living in…

Great Britian

The native Americans were the people living in…

North America first

When did the revolutionary war begin?

April 19, 1775 or the late 18th century

What was the revolutionary war?

The Revolutionary War (1775-1783) was a conflict between the American colonies and Great Britain, sparked by colonial dissatisfaction with British rule and a desire for independence. The war saw major battles like Saratoga and Yorktown, where American forces, aided by France, eventually defeated the British. The war ended with the Treaty of Paris in 1783, which recognized the sovereignty of the United States and established its independence.

When was the declaration of independence adopted by the Continental congress?

On July 4, 1776

What was the declaration of independence?

The Declaration of Independence, adopted on July 4, 1776, declared the American colonies' decision to break away from Great Britain and establish themselves as an independent nation. It outlined the fundamental principles of individual rights and government by consent of the governed, while listing grievances against King George III to justify the separation.

When did major fighting between the colonist and Great Britain end?

Around 1781 or late 18th century at Yorktown

What was the last major battle between great britian and the colonist?

The battle of Yorktown in 1781

What was the first Constitution?

The articles of confederation

When was the articles of confederation? How long did they last?

The articles of confederation was from 1781 to 1789. It lasted about 8 years.

What was the Articles of Confederation?

The Articles of Confederation, adopted in 1781, was the first constitution of the United States, establishing a weak central government with limited powers, leaving most authority to the individual states. It was quickly found to be ineffective due to its inability to levy taxes, regulate trade, or enforce laws, leading to its eventual replacement by the U.S. Constitution in 1789.

Why did the Articles of confederation fail?

The Articles of Confederation failed because they created a weak central government that lacked the power to tax, regulate commerce, or enforce laws, leading to financial instability and inefficiency. The states retained too much independence, making it difficult to address national issues like defense, trade, and economic policy.

When was the treaty of Paris that ended the American Revolutionary war signed?

1783

What was the treaty of Paris?

The Treaty of Paris, signed in 1783, officially ended the American Revolutionary War between the United States and Great Britain. It recognized American independence, set the boundaries of the new nation, and granted the U.S. significant territory, including land east of the Mississippi River, while resolving issues related to debts, prisoners, and loyalists.

When was the second Constitution, the U.S Constitution, signed?

1789, or the late 18th century

What are the 3 branches of the U.S Constitution?

Government, executive and Judicial

What does the Legislative (Congress) branch do?

Legislative Branch (Congress): Composed of the Senate and the House of Representatives, it makes laws, controls government spending, and has the power to declare war, regulate commerce, and approve treaties.

What does the executive (President and Administration) do?

Executive Branch (President and Administration): Led by the President, this branch enforces and carries out the laws passed by Congress, manages foreign relations, commands the military, and has the power to veto legislation.

What does the Judicial branch (Supreme Court and Lower Courts) do?

Judicial Branch (Supreme Court and Lower Courts): This branch interprets and applies the law, ensuring that laws are constitutional. The Supreme Court, as the highest court, has the authority to review cases involving federal laws, disputes between states, and issues of constitutional interpretation.

What are all the three branches of the government and what do they do?

The U.S. Constitution established three branches of government, each with distinct powers and responsibilities to ensure a system of checks and balances:

1. Legislative Branch (Congress): Composed of the Senate and the House of Representatives, it makes laws, controls government spending, and has the power to declare war, regulate commerce, and approve treaties.

2. Executive Branch (President and Administration): Led by the President, this branch enforces and carries out the laws passed by Congress, manages foreign relations, commands the military, and has the power to veto legislation.

3. Judicial Branch (Supreme Court and Lower Courts): This branch interprets and applies the law, ensuring that laws are constitutional. The Supreme Court, as the highest court, has the authority to review cases involving federal laws, disputes between states, and issues of constitutional interpretation.

What does the U.S constitution do?

Checks and balances the states, provides amendments (changes to the constitution), and provides the Supremacy clause: Central government has more power than the state government

What was the supremacy clause?

The Supremacy Clause says that if state laws conflict with federal laws, federal laws take priority. It makes the Constitution and federal laws the highest authority in the country. This was included in the U.S Constitution 

What was the Marbury vs Madison case in 1803?

The Marbury v. Madison case (1803) was a landmark Supreme Court decision that established the principle of judicial review, meaning the courts have the power to declare laws or government actions unconstitutional. The case arose when William Marbury, who had been appointed a justice of the peace by outgoing President John Adams, sued Secretary of State James Madison for not delivering his commission. Chief Justice John Marshall ruled that while Marbury had a right to the commission, the law he used to bring his case was unconstitutional, thus giving the courts the authority to strike down laws that conflict with the Constitution.

What is sovereignty? (Definition)

The power of a country/state to make its own laws

What is the Constitution? (definition)

The supreme law of the U.S

What is “constitutional” (Definition)

Legal

What is “unconstitutional” (Definition)

Illegal

What is “ratification” (definition)

Legally approved

What are the differences between the federal government and state government?

• The state government was in charge first under the Articles of Confederation and states make their own  laws that only people in that state have to follow

• The federal government was in charge second and whatever laws the federal government creates every state has to follow.

What is a state government?

The state government is the governing body of each individual state in the U.S., responsible for making and enforcing laws specific to that state. It operates with its own constitution and has three branches: executive (governor), legislative (state legislature), and judicial (state courts).

What is a federal government? 

The federal government is the national government of the United States, responsible for governing the entire country and overseeing issues that affect all states, such as defense, foreign policy, and interstate commerce. It operates under the U.S. Constitution and consists of three branches: executive (President), legislative (Congress), and judicial (Supreme Court).

How branches did the Articles of Confederation have?

1 branch: legislature (Congress) with limited powers.

What was the first Constitution?

1. U.S Constitution

2. Articles of confederation

2. Articles of confederation (1781)

Who has more power in the Articles of confederation?

1. State government

2. Federal Government.

The state government

What were the Weakness of the Articles of Confederation?

1. The government couldn’t collect taxes so they became poorer

2. The government cant enforce laws

3. Every state has to approve a single law (Never happened)

4. Cant raise an army

What was shays rebellion?

Shays' Rebellion (1786-1787) was an armed uprising in Massachusetts led by former Revolutionary War soldier Daniel Shays, protesting economic injustices and harsh tax policies that threatened farmers' livelihoods. The rebellion highlighted the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation, particularly the inability to call forth an arm to dispell rebels, leading to calls for a stronger central government and the drafting of the U.S. Constitution.

When was Shay’s Rebellion?

1786-1787 (late 18th century)

Under the Articles of confederation how many representatives did each state have?

7 representatives in each state who ALL had to agree to make a single law/decision

Under the Articles of Confederation there was no single leader or ______

president

Under the U.S Constitution there was a supreme leader who controlled the army called the ______

president

How many political parties existed when the Constitution was created?

no political parties existed

How many states had to ratify the Constitution?

all 13 states

The Constitution had to be ratified by __ _ _____ to become legal

all 13 states

How long can a president serve at a time in one term?

4 years?

What was the reelection limit when the Constitution was ratified?

There was no limit for how many times you could be relectled

Who wrote the Constitution (primarily)

James Madison

When was the Constitution ratified?

1789

Who was the first president of the United States?

George Washington

what was the “cabinet” established by George Washington?

George Washington's Cabinet was a group of key advisors he appointed to help him lead the executive branch of the government. It was not outlined in the Constitution, but Washington established it to provide expertise on specific areas of governance, with the first cabinet positions including the Secretary of State (Thomas Jefferson), Secretary of the Treasury (Alexander Hamilton), and Secretary of War (Henry Knox).

When was the neutrality proclamation ratified?

1793 or late 18th century

What was the Neutrality proclamation?

The Neutrality Proclamation of 1793, issued by President George Washington, declared that the United States would remain neutral in the conflict between France and Great Britain, avoiding involvement in foreign wars. The proclamation aimed to keep the young nation out of European conflicts and focus on its own development.

What was the whiskey rebellion?

The Whiskey Rebellion (1794) was a protest by farmers in western Pennsylvania against an excise tax on whiskey imposed by the federal government. The rebellion was quickly suppressed by President George Washington, demonstrating the strength of the new federal government and its ability to enforce laws.

When did George Washington step down as president?

1796 (late 18th century)

What was George Washington farewell address?

George Washington's Farewell Address (1796) advised the nation to avoid permanent alliances with foreign countries and to steer clear of political parties, which he believed would divide the country. He also emphasized the importance of unity and the need for the American people to uphold republican values for the nation's future success.

What was the alien act?

The Alien Act of 1798 gave the U.S. government the power to deport foreign nationals deemed dangerous or involved in subversive activities, and extended the period required for immigrants to become U.S. citizens. It was part of a series of laws, known as the Alien and Sedition Acts, that were aimed at suppressing opposition to the federal government during a time of heightened political tension and fear of foreign influence.

What was the sedition act?

The Sedition Act of 1798 made it a crime to publish false or malicious writings that criticized the government, its officials, or its policies. It was part of the Alien and Sedition Acts and was intended to suppress political dissent, but it was heavily criticized for violating the First Amendment's protection of free speech.