Studied by 93 people
acetabulum
hip socket, large circular cavity in each side of the pelvis that articulates with the head of the femur to form the hip joint
allogenic
originating within another
ankylosing spondylitis
a form of rheumatoid arthritis that primarily causes inflammation of the joints between the vertebrae
arthrodesis
surgical fusion of two bones to stiffen a joint
arthrolysis
the surgical loosening of an ankylosed joint
arthroscopy
the visual examination of the internal structure of a joint
autologous
originating within an individual
avascular necrosis
an area of bone tissue death caused by insufficient blood flow
callus
a bulging deposit around the area of the break-this tissue eventually becomes bone. Also, a thickening of the skin caused by repeated rubbing.
chondromalacia
the abnormal softening of cartilage
comminuted fracture
one in which the bone is splintered or crushed
compression fracture
occurs when the bone is pressed together on itself. Also known as a vertebral crush fracture.
costochondritis
an inflammation of the cartilage that connects a rib to the sternum
craniostenosis
a malformation of the skull due to the premature closure of the cranial sutures
crepitation
the grating sound heard when the ends of a broken bone move together
dual x-ray absorptiometry
a low exposure radiographic measurement of the spine and hips to measure bone density
fat embolus
can form when a long bone is fractured due to an accident or surgery, and fat cells from yellow bone marrow are released into the blood
gout
a type of arthritis characterized by deposits of uric acid crystals in the joints
hallux valgus
known as a bunion, an abnormal enlargement of the joint at the base of the great toe
hemarthrosis
blood within a joint
hemopoietic
pertaining to the formation of blood cells
internal fixation
a fracture treatment in which a plate or pins are placed directly into the bone to hold the broken pieces in place
juvenile rheumatoid arthritis
an autoimmune disorder that affects children ages 16 years or less with symptoms that include stiffness, pain, joint swelling, skin rash, fever, slowed growth, and fatigue
kyphosis
an abnormal increase in the outward curvature of the thoracic spine viewed from the side, also known as humpback
laminectomy
the surgical removal of a lamina or posterior portion of a vertebra
lordosis
an abnormal increase in the forward curvature of the lumbar spine, also known as swayback
lumbago
pain of the lumbar region of the spine, also known as low back pain
malleolus
a rounded bony projection on the tibia and fibula on the sides of each ankle joint
manubrium
the bony structure that forms the upper portion of the sternum
metacarpals
the five bones that form the palms of the hand
metatarsals
five bones that form the part of the foot to which he toes are attached
multiple myeloma
a type of cancer that occurs in blood-making cells found in the red bone marrow
open fracture
one in which the bone is broken and there is an open wound in the skin, also known as a compound fracture
orthopedic surgeon
a physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating diseases and disorders involving the bones, joints, and muscles
orthotic
a mechanical appliance, such as a leg brace or splint, that is specially designed to control, correct, or compensate for impaired limb function
osteitis
an inflammation of a bone
osteoarthritis
inflammation of the bone and joint, associated with aging (Wear and tear arthritis)
osteochondroma
a benign bony projection covered with cartilage
osteoclasis
the surgical fracture of a bone to correct a deformity
osteomalacia
abnormal softening of bones in adults
osteomyelitis
an inflammation of the bone marrow and adjacent bone
osteopenia
thinner-than-average bone density
osteoporosis
marked LOSS OF BONE DENSITY and an increase in bone porosity that is frequently associated with aging--brittle bones that loose density over time
osteoporotic hip fracture
a broken hip usually caused by weakening of the bones due to osteoporosis and can occur either spontaneously or as a result of a fall
osteorrhaphy
the surgical suturing, or wiring together, of bones
Paget's disease
bone disease of unknown cause characterized by the excessive breakdown of bone tissue, followed by abnormal bone formation
pathologic fracture
occurs when a weakened bone breaks under normal strain
percutaneous vertebroplasty
performed to treat osteoporosis-related compression fractures. Minimally invasive procedure where bone cement is injected to stabilize compression fractures within the spinal column
periostitis
inflammation of the periosteum (peri- means surrounding, ost means bone, and -itis means inflammation), often associated with shin splints
podiatrist
specializes in diagnosing and treating disorders of the foot, holds a Doctor of Podiatry (DP) degree
polymyalgia rheumatica
a geriatric inflammatory disorder of the muscles and joints characterized by pain and stiffness (inflammation of the muscles and joints)
prosthesis
a substitute for a diseased or missing body part
radiculopathy
a condition caused by the compression of a nerve in the spine, sometimes referred to as a pinched nerve
rheumatoid arthritis
a chronic autoimmune disorder in which the joints and some organs of other body systems are attacked
rickets
a deficiency disease occurring in children which is characterized by defective bone growth
scoliosis
an abnormal lateral (sideways) curvature of the spine
spina bifida
a congenital defect that occurs during early pregnancy when the spinal canal fails to close completely around the spinal cord to protect it
spinal stenosis
a narrowing of the spaces within the spine, potentially putting pressure on
spiral fracture
a fracture in which the bone has been twisted apart
spondylolisthesis
the forward slipping movement of the body of one of the lower lumbar vertebrae on the vertebra or sacrum below it
spondylosis
degenerative condition that causes the loss of normal spinal structure and function
stem cell transplant
is used to treat certain types of cancers, such as leukemia and lymphomas, also known as bone marrow transplant
subluxation
the partial displacement of a bone from its joint
synovectomy
the surgical removal of a synovial membrane from a joint
vertebrae
bony unit making up the spinal column, there are 26
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Flashcard (116)