Energy Notes - AP Physics 1

Energy

The ability to do work boi

Work

The application over a distance

Work formula, units

W=fd, Newton meters (Nm) or Joules (J)

To do work, there has to be …. Involved

Distance

Power

Work done / time interval & Joules/sec or Watts (w)

Typically, when we think about work, we are implying some

Period of time

Potential Energy

Energy of position or stored energy

Potential energy …. have the ability to do work (yet)

Does NOT

Gravitational Potential Energy formula

Weight × Height or mgh (unless already converted to newtons)

Elastic Potential Energy will have a ….

Spring constant (k)

Elastic PE Formula

EPE = ½ kx²

Kinetic Energy (KE): energy of… (work?

Energy of motion (does work)

Have to convert …. To …. To do work

PE to KE

Kinetic Energy Formula

KE=1/2mv²

Work Energy Theorem

Work = ΔKE

Have to go from PE to KE to do work … by itself doesn’t do anything

Potential Energy

Law of Conservation of Energy: it only ….

Energy cannot be created or destroyed, it only changes forms

Simple Harmomic Motion (SHM)

An object that moves back and forth (vibrates or oscillates) an equal distance in equal time intervals

Motion is…

Periodic

Equilibrium Position

Position that the spring holds when no force is acting on it

Hooke's Law F = - kx

The amount the spring moves is based on

Displacement

The distance the spring moves

Amplitude

The greatest distance it moves is

Cycle

The time it takes for a spring to move from one position through a complete range of motion and back to that position is

Frequency

The amount of time it takes to move through one complete cycle

Unit for springs motion and time

Cycles per second or Hertz (Hz)

Frequency equals

1 time for spring

Time (in relation to frequency)

Time = 1 / Frequency

Springs store energy

Elastic potential energy

EPE = 1/2kx²

Elastic potential energy

ΣE=1/2mv²+1/2kx²

Total energy in the system (KE + PE Law of conservation)

Dampening

The gradual reduction of the movement of the spring