Untitled Flashcards Set

Akhenaten ruled during the __________ dynasty from 1353 to 1336 BCE and made a radical shift from __________ to __________ religion.

18th; polytheistic; monotheistic.

The Babylonian Captivity of the Jews occurred during the __________ century BCE when they were taken captive by the __________ Empire.

6th; Babylonian.

Cleisthenes is known as the 'Father of __________ Democracy.'

Athenian.

The Ptolemies ruled Egypt from __________ to __________ BCE.

305; 30.

The political faction called the __________ represented the aristocracy in ancient Rome during the late Roman Republic.

Optimates.

The Second Triumvirate was formed in __________ BCE between Octavian, Mark Antony, and Marcus Aemilius Lepidus.

43. 
    

The __________ Scrolls improved understanding of the Second Temple period in Jewish history during the time of Jesus.

Dead Sea.

Diocletian established the system known as __________ in 293 CE, dividing the empire into four regions.

Tetrarchy.

The Council of __________ took place in 325 CE to address theological disputes in the Christian Church.

Nicaea.

Justinian was a Byzantine Emperor from __________ to __________ CE, known for restoring lost territories.

527; 565.

The Treaty of __________ divided the Carolingian Empire into three parts in 843.

Verdun.

Vassals in medieval Europe held land from a lord in exchange for __________ service and obligations.

military.

The Lay Investiture conflict was a power struggle between the papacy and __________ monarchs over the appointment of church officials.

European.

Philip II Augustus was King of France from __________ to __________, known for consolidating royal power.

1180; 1223.

Thomas Becket opposed Henry II’s attempts to assert royal power over the __________ in medieval England.

clergy.

The Third Crusade failed to recapture __________ from Muslim forces.

Jerusalem.

Flagellants believed that the __________ was punishment from God for humanity’s sins after the Black Death.

plague.

The Babylonian Captivity of the Papacy began in the __________ century when the papacy was based in France.

14th.

The Great Schism of the papacy was mainly about rival __________ claiming authority over the Christian world.

popes.

Henry V is best known for his role in the __________ Years War.

Hundred.

Joan of Arc claimed to have had visions instructing her to help reclaim France from the __________.

English.

Lorenzo Valla was known for his critical approach to medieval texts and claimed that the __________ of Constantine was forged.

Donation.

The Oration on the Dignity of Man emphasized that human beings have __________ will.

free.

Leonardo was renowned for his contributions to the Renaissance, including the __________ and The Last Supper.

Mona Lisa.

Christian humanism aimed to strengthen the Church using __________ values.

humanist.

Martin Luther's 95 Theses challenged the practice of __________ in the Catholic Church.

indulgences.

The doctrine of __________ regards the Eucharist in Lutheranism, teaching the coexistence of bread and wine with Christ's body and blood.

consubstantiation.

Anabaptists rejected ______________ practices, favoring adult baptism over infant baptism.

infant baptism.